pharmacy 2.0

• pre-pharmacy pathways

  1. community practice
  2. residency/fellowship
• inpatient pharmacy

  • receive medication orders
  • review for accuracy and appropriateness
  • prepare medication
  • monitor patient response
• inpatient pharmacy operations

  1. order review
  2. transcription
  3. dispensing
  4. administering
  5. monitoring
• outpatient/community pharmacy

  • fill prescriptions
  • give vaccinations and give access to medical devices
• outpatient/community pharmacy operations

  1. received by pharmacy
  2. data entry
  3. clinical review
  4. filling
  5. final product verification
  6. consultation
• clinical ambulatory care operations

  1. function as physician extenders
  2. prescribe medications
  3. tele-health visits
  4. in person clinic visits
  5. longitudinal patient care
• social determinants

  • medication costs
  • cultural/literacy barrier
  • safe and affordable housing
  • transportation
  • food security
  • unmet needs
  • social isolation
• PBM

  pharmacy benefit managers
• P&T committee subcommittees

  • antimicrobial
  • anticoagulation
  • nursing
  • formulary
  • medication safety
  • nutrition
  • medication utilization
• continuing education (CE)

  • 30 hours every 2 years + 10 hours for advanced practice
  • mandatory courses: law ethics (2 hours) + cultural competency (1 hour)
• advantage of primary literature

  most recent information
• primary literature database


  pubmed
• an example of a primary literature is ...

  journal publication
• primary literature is used in IRB proposals for ...

  background
• what kind of literature is used in clinical presentations?

  primary literature
• data monographs are usually from --- literature.


  primary
• an example of a secondary literature is ...

  journal review article
• what are two kinds of review articles seen in pharmacy?

  disease

  new drug
• what are the two pros of secondary literature?

  • initial information
  • extensive bibliography
• what is the con of secondary literature?

  broader and less current information
• what are some examples of tertiary literature?

  • dictionary
  • textbook
  • handbook
• what are the pros of tertiary literature?

  • summary
  • facts and general overview
  • primary and secondary references
• what are the cons of tertiary literature?

  broader and less current information
• what are three databases commonly used?

  • micromedex
  • lexicomp
  • uptodate
• rx


  recipe
• sig


  write
• x 5 d

  5 days
• qty


  quantity
• gtt


  drops
• disp # 


  quantity
• NR

  no refils
• q

  every
• QD 


  every day
• TID

  three a day
• BID

  two a day
• QID

  four a day
• QOD


  every other day
• QHS


  every night
• QAM


  every morning
• ac

  before a meal