nrg106

• Health care delivery system


  How a national, regional, or local health care system is organized, administered, provided, and paid for
• Health care delivery system

  • Complex and constantly changing
  • Broad variety of services available from different disciplines of health professionals
  • Access to the services is difficult
  • High healthcare cost
  • Limited financial resources
  • Limited/no health insurance
• Health care system


  The totality of services offered by all health disciplines
• Types of health care services

  • Primary Prevention: Health Promotion and Illness Prevention
  • Secondary Prevention: Diagnosis and treatment
  • Tertiary Prevention: Rehabilitation, Health Restoration, Palliative Care
• Primary health care


  The "true prevention", applied to physically and emotionally health clients, aims at health promotion, requires collaboration among health professionals, health care leaders, and community members
• Includes in primary health care

  • Primary care & health education
  • Proper nutrition
  • Maternal-child care
  • Family planning
  • Immunization
  • Control of diseases (illness prevention programs)
• Settings for preventive and primary care

  • Schools
  • Physician's offices/clinics
  • Occupational health clinics
  • Community health centers
• Health promotion programs


  Lower the overall costs of health care by reducing the incidence of disease, minimizing complication, and thus reducing the need to use more expensive health care resources
• Secondary prevention


  Focuses on clients who are experiencing health problems & illnesses & are at risk for developing complications, the most common & expensive services in the HCDS
• Settings for secondary and tertiary care

  • Hospital emergency departments
  • Urgent care centers
  • Critical care units
  • Inpatient medical-surgical units
• Discharge planning


  Begins at the moment a patient is admitted to a healthcare facility, for continuity of care, using critical thinking and nursing process
• Tertiary prevention


  Occurs when defect or disability is permanent or irreversible, minimizing effects of long-term disease or disability
• Restorative care


  Patients recovering from an acute or chronic illness or disability often require additional services to return to their previous level of function or reach a new level of function limited by their illness or disability
• Rehabilitation


  Restores a person to the fullest physical, mental, social, vocational, economic potential possible, for patients recovering from physical or mental illness, injury, or chemical addiction
• Hospice


  A system of family-centered care that allows patients to live and remain at home with comfort, independence, and dignity while easing the pains of terminal illness, focus is on palliative care
• Palliative care


  Level of care that is designed to relieve or reduce intensity of uncomfortable symptoms but not to produce a cure, relies on comfort measures and use of alternative therapies to help individuals become more at peace during end of life
• Nursing care delivery models/frameworks for care/modalities

  • Managed care
  • Case management
  • Differentiated practice
  • Functional method
  • Team nursing
  • Primary nursing
• Managed care


  A health care system whose goals are to provide cost-effective, quality care
• Managed care nurse


  Handles paperwork, acts as liaison between patient, doctor, hospital, community clinics, social service programs, keeps healthcare cost down, educates patient
• Case management


  Icollaborative responsibility for planning, assessing needs, and coordinating, implementing and evaluating care for groups of clients from pre admission to discharge to transfer and recuperation, a case manager may be a nurse, social worker, or other appropriate professional
• Differentiated practice


  A system in which the best possible use of nursing personnel is based on their education preparation and skill sets, consists of specific job descriptions for nurses according to their education or training
• Functional method


  Focuses on the jobs to be completed, task-oriented approach, personnel with less preparation than the professional nurse perform less complex care requirements, based on a production and efficiency model that gives authority and responsibility to the person assigning the work
• Team nursing


  Consists of RNs, LPNs, and UAPs, team is responsible for providing coordinated nursing care to a set of clients for a specific period of time, delegates appropriate tasks to team members
• Primary nursing


  A system in which one nurse is responsible for overseeing the total care of number of hospitalized clients 24 hours a day, 7 days week, even if she or he does not deliver all of the care personally, a method of providing comprehensive, individualized, consistent care