Leadership

    Cards (44)

    • Define a leader?
      - someone who has influence in helping others to achieve their goals
      - play a role in maintaining effort and motivation by inspiring teams and setting targets
    • What are the two types of leaders?
      - prescribed leaders
      - emergent leaders
    • Define prescribed leaders?
      - appointed from outside of the group
      - often from another group or higher authority (NGB)
      - often because a group might wish to take on new ideas and learn new methods
    • Give an example of a prescribed leader?
      - David Moyes was appointed to Manchester United as a prescribed leader
    • Define an emergent leader and give an example?
      - appointed from within the group
      - David Beckham was appointed England and MU football captain
      - Ryan Giggs emerged as a leader from within MU
    • Name leadership qualities?
      - charisma
      - communication
      - interpersonal skills
      - empathy
    • Name leadership qualities (part 2)?
      - experience
      - inspirational
      - confidence
      - organisational skills
    • Explain the leadership qualities of charisma and communication in more detail?
      - Charisma: certain demeanour and presence that the leader has which makes others listen and follow

      - Communication: must be able to get their message across
    • Explain the leadership qualities of interpersonal skills and empathy in more detail?
      - Interpersonal skills: the leader needs to interact with other members of the team and sometimes those outside the group (opposition, officials ...)

      -Empathy: the leader needs to be able to listen to others and take their views into account, showing an understanding and interest in their views
    • Explain the leadership qualities of experience and being inspirational in more detail?
      - Experience: leaders would have a wealth of knowledge in their chosen sport built over many years

      - Inspirational: need to encourage others and keep them trying even when the going gets tough!
    • Explain the leadership qualities of confidence and organisational skills in more detail?
      - Confidence: confidence can be gained from others so a confident approach from the leader can spread to the players

      - Organisational skills: a good leader would plan and prepare for training, linking it to the demands of the team
    • Define leadership style?
      - manner in which the leader chooses to lead the group
      - crucial to good leadership and if the correct leadership style is used then the group is more likely to be successful
    • What are the three styles of leadership identified by Lewin?
      1) Autocratic (task-orientated)
      2) Democratic (person-orientated)
      3) The laissez-faire style
    • Define the autocratic (task-orientated) approach?

      - leader makes the decisions
    • Explain the autocratic approach in more detail?
      - makes all the decisions and dictates instructions to the group
      - task orientated: concern of the leader to get results and reach targets
    • When might a coach use an autocratic approach?
      - used by a coach who has made a specific plan to win a game, they will tell the players the plan and ensures that they follow it in the expectation of a win
      - need to ensure that they maintain contact with the group during the session to ensure that they are keeping on track
    • Define a democratic approach?
      - decisions are made by group consultation
    • Explain the democratic approach in more detail?
      - more sympathetic form of leadership and seeks the opinions of the group before making a decision based on those suggestions
      - person-orientated
    • Define person-orientated leadership with an example?
      - concerned with the interpersonal relationships
      - listen to the senior players after watching video footage of the next opposition and make a plan which takes into consideration their points of views and suggestions
      - group usually continues to work when the coach is not present
    • What is a laissez-faire leadership style?

      - leader does very little and leaves the group to it
      - manager may tell the players what they want from them in a training session and goes away safe in the knowledge that the senior players will conduct the session
      - less motivated players may stop working if they are alone
    • What must the leader take into consideration when choosing a leadership style?

      - situation
      - the group
      - the leader themselves
    • What needs to be considered about the situation?
      - time available
      - type of task
      - danger
    • What needs to be considered about the group?
      - group size
      - group ability
      - age
      - gender
    • What needs to be considered about the leader themselves?
      - characteristics
      - experience
      - preference
    • What is the interactive approach to leadership?

      - leader must try and balance the requirements of the situation, the needs of the group and their own characteristics to try and choose the most effective leadership style
    • When does Fiedler suggest that an autocratic (task-orientated style) should be used?

      - when everything is going well (favourable situation)
      - when everything is going badly (least favourable situation)
    • What is the task-orientated style of leadership concerned about?

      - setting targets and reaching them quickly
      - results based
    • When does Fiedler suggest that a democratic (person-orientated style) should be used?
      - moderately favourable situation
    • What is the person-orientated style of leadership concerned about?
      - developing the interpersonal relationships of the group
    • What depends on how favourable the situation is?

      - depends on the task
      - the leader-group relationship
      - the leader's position of authority
    • Explain what a most favourable situation would look like?
      - the leader has respect
      - good support within the group
      - the group is of a high ability
      - high levels of motivation
      - task is clear to the team
      - harmony between the leader and group
    • Explain what a least favourable situation would look like?
      - little respect for the leader
      - hostility between the group members and they don't support each other
      - group is of a low ability
      - low motivation
      - task is unclear
      - leader is weak
    • Explain what a moderately favourable situation looks like?
      - the is a need or preference for consultation within the group
      - motivation is moderate
      - there is limited support
      - the group has reasonable ability
    • What does Chelladurai's multi-dimensional model of leaderships look at?

      - factors that influence the choice of leadership style not just the situation
      - use an interactive approach to balance aspects of the situation, leader and group
      - more the leader uses a style that matches the requirements of the situation and the needs of the group, then the more satisfaction would be gained from the performer
    • Explain situational factors and how they would influence what type of leadership style to use?
      - complex task may require more explaining
      - time available (autocratic if there is less time)
      - size of the group (autocratic if there is a large group)
      - danger (autocratic approach)
    • Explain features of the group and how they would influence what type of leadership style to use?
      - women, empathy and consultation may be required (democratic) where as men may prefer an authoritarian approach to training
      - more experienced (democratic), less experienced (autocratic)
      - younger group (autocratic)
    • Explain leadership factors and how they would influence what type of leadership style to use?

      - leadership characteristics: person with more empathy and interpersonal skills may use a democratic approach but a person who is more dominant may prefer an autocratic approach

      - experience: more experienced leaders will be more likely to pick the best approach and adapt this to different groups

      - Preference: use one which they know works in order to get the best out of the group
    • Once the three leader behaviours have been assessed what must the leader consider?
      - the required behaviour
      - the actual behaviour
      - the preferred behaviour
    • What is the required behaviour?
      - what the situation demands
      - result of an assesment of the situation and may involve being autocratic during a quick break during play when giving out instruction
    • What is the actual behaviour?
      - what the leader decides to do in relation to the leadership style
      - chosen to match the situation and the group demands