Leadership

Created by

sam hughes

Cards (44)

Define a leader?
- someone who has influence in helping others to achieve their goals
- play a role in maintaining effort and motivation by inspiring teams and setting targets
What are the two types of leaders?
- prescribed leaders
- emergent leaders
Define prescribed leaders?
- appointed from outside of the group
- often from another group or higher authority (NGB)
- often because a group might wish to take on new ideas and learn new methods
Give an example of a prescribed leader?
- David Moyes was appointed to Manchester United as a prescribed leader
Define an emergent leader and give an example?
- appointed from within the group
- David Beckham was appointed England and MU football captain
- Ryan Giggs emerged as a leader from within MU
Name leadership qualities?
- charisma
- communication
- interpersonal skills
- empathy
Name leadership qualities (part 2)?
- experience
- inspirational
- confidence
- organisational skills
Explain the leadership qualities of charisma and communication in more detail?
- Charisma: certain demeanour and presence that the leader has which makes others listen and follow

- Communication: must be able to get their message across
Explain the leadership qualities of interpersonal skills and empathy in more detail?
- Interpersonal skills: the leader needs to interact with other members of the team and sometimes those outside the group (opposition, officials ...)

-Empathy: the leader needs to be able to listen to others and take their views into account, showing an understanding and interest in their views
Explain the leadership qualities of experience and being inspirational in more detail?
- Experience: leaders would have a wealth of knowledge in their chosen sport built over many years

- Inspirational: need to encourage others and keep them trying even when the going gets tough!
Explain the leadership qualities of confidence and organisational skills in more detail?
- Confidence: confidence can be gained from others so a confident approach from the leader can spread to the players

- Organisational skills: a good leader would plan and prepare for training, linking it to the demands of the team
Define leadership style?
- manner in which the leader chooses to lead the group
- crucial to good leadership and if the correct leadership style is used then the group is more likely to be successful
What are the three styles of leadership identified by Lewin?
1) Autocratic (task-orientated)
2) Democratic (person-orientated)
3) The laissez-faire style
Define the autocratic (task-orientated) approach? 
- leader makes the decisions
Explain the autocratic approach in more detail?
- makes all the decisions and dictates instructions to the group
- task orientated: concern of the leader to get results and reach targets
When might a coach use an autocratic approach?
- used by a coach who has made a specific plan to win a game, they will tell the players the plan and ensures that they follow it in the expectation of a win
- need to ensure that they maintain contact with the group during the session to ensure that they are keeping on track
Define a democratic approach?
- decisions are made by group consultation
Explain the democratic approach in more detail?
- more sympathetic form of leadership and seeks the opinions of the group before making a decision based on those suggestions
- person-orientated
Define person-orientated leadership with an example?
- concerned with the interpersonal relationships
- listen to the senior players after watching video footage of the next opposition and make a plan which takes into consideration their points of views and suggestions
- group usually continues to work when the coach is not present
What is a laissez-faire leadership style? 
- leader does very little and leaves the group to it
- manager may tell the players what they want from them in a training session and goes away safe in the knowledge that the senior players will conduct the session
- less motivated players may stop working if they are alone
What must the leader take into consideration when choosing a leadership style? 
- situation
- the group
- the leader themselves
What needs to be considered about the situation?
- time available
- type of task
- danger
What needs to be considered about the group?
- group size
- group ability
- age
- gender
What needs to be considered about the leader themselves?
- characteristics
- experience
- preference
What is the interactive approach to leadership? 
- leader must try and balance the requirements of the situation, the needs of the group and their own characteristics to try and choose the most effective leadership style
When does Fiedler suggest that an autocratic (task-orientated style) should be used? 
- when everything is going well (favourable situation)
- when everything is going badly (least favourable situation)
What is the task-orientated style of leadership concerned about? 
- setting targets and reaching them quickly
- results based
When does Fiedler suggest that a democratic (person-orientated style) should be used?
- moderately favourable situation
What is the person-orientated style of leadership concerned about?
- developing the interpersonal relationships of the group
What depends on how favourable the situation is? 
- depends on the task
- the leader-group relationship
- the leader's position of authority
Explain what a most favourable situation would look like?
- the leader has respect
- good support within the group
- the group is of a high ability
- high levels of motivation
- task is clear to the team
- harmony between the leader and group
Explain what a least favourable situation would look like?
- little respect for the leader
- hostility between the group members and they don't support each other
- group is of a low ability
- low motivation
- task is unclear
- leader is weak
Explain what a moderately favourable situation looks like?
- the is a need or preference for consultation within the group
- motivation is moderate
- there is limited support
- the group has reasonable ability
What does Chelladurai's multi-dimensional model of leaderships look at? 
- factors that influence the choice of leadership style not just the situation
- use an interactive approach to balance aspects of the situation, leader and group
- more the leader uses a style that matches the requirements of the situation and the needs of the group, then the more satisfaction would be gained from the performer
Explain situational factors and how they would influence what type of leadership style to use?
- complex task may require more explaining
- time available (autocratic if there is less time)
- size of the group (autocratic if there is a large group)
- danger (autocratic approach)
Explain features of the group and how they would influence what type of leadership style to use?
- women, empathy and consultation may be required (democratic) where as men may prefer an authoritarian approach to training
- more experienced (democratic), less experienced (autocratic)
- younger group (autocratic)
Explain leadership factors and how they would influence what type of leadership style to use? 
- leadership characteristics: person with more empathy and interpersonal skills may use a democratic approach but a person who is more dominant may prefer an autocratic approach

- experience: more experienced leaders will be more likely to pick the best approach and adapt this to different groups

- Preference: use one which they know works in order to get the best out of the group
Once the three leader behaviours have been assessed what must the leader consider?
- the required behaviour
- the actual behaviour
- the preferred behaviour
What is the required behaviour?
- what the situation demands
- result of an assesment of the situation and may involve being autocratic during a quick break during play when giving out instruction
What is the actual behaviour?
- what the leader decides to do in relation to the leadership style
- chosen to match the situation and the group demands