male repro

• Organisms reproduce


  To perpetuate their kind
• Reproduction


  Sexual or asexual
• Sexual reproduction


  Involves the union of gametes
• Male gametes


  Spermatozoa or sperm cells
• Female gametes


  Ova or egg cells
• Male and female reproductive systems are structurally different
• Reproductive organs


  • Primary
  • Accessory
• Primary organs


  Involved in the production of sex cells and manufacture of hormones
• Accessory organs


  Series of ducts that transport, nourish and transport sex cells
• Functions of the Male Reproductive System

  • Spermatogenesis
  • Copulation
  • Production of Hormones
• Spermatogenesis


  Production of male reproductive cells (spermatozoa) in the seminiferous tubules (testes)
• Copulation


  Transfer of sperm to the female reproductive tract during intercourse
• Production of Hormones


  Production of testosterone (male hormone) in the Leydig cells of the testes
• The scrotum is a sac of skin that hangs outside the abdominopelvic cavity holding the testicles
• Thermoregulation


  The scrotum keeps an optimal temperature of about 33°C in the testis for sperm production
• Testes


  Sites of spermatogenesis and hormone production
• Structures inside the testis

  • Seminiferous tubules
  • Rete testis
  • Efferent ducts
• Seminiferous tubules


  Coiled tubes that make up most of each testis, responsible for spermatogenesis
• Rete testis


  Helps to mix sperm cells around in the fluid secreted by Sertoli cells
• Efferent ducts


  Series of tubes that join the rete testis to the epididymis, absorb most fluids to help sperm cells move
• Epididymis


  Sites of sperm maturation and storage
• Vas deferens


  Transports mature sperm cells to the urethra in preparation for ejaculation
• Seminal vesicles


  Yellowish finger-shaped structures that produce fluids comprising 60% of the semen, containing fructose and prostaglandins
• Prostate gland


  Chestnut-shaped structure enveloping the urethra inferior to the bladder, secretes thin and milky fluid
• Bulbourethral gland


  Secretes clear, mucus fluid which neutralizes acidic urine along the urethra and provides natural lubrication for intercourse
• Urethra


  Transports urine and semen out of the tract
• Penis


  The copulatory organ of the males, also provides the channel by which urine and semen leaves the body
• Functions of the Female Reproductive System

  • Oogenesis
  • Copulation
  • Production of Hormones
  • Pregnancy and Child Birth
• Oogenesis


  Production of sex cells in the form of ova or egg cells in the ovary
• Copulation


  Receives sperm cells from males during sexual intercourse
• Production of Hormones


  Produces hormones such as progesterone and estrogen which play an important role in the ovarian and uterine cycles
• Pregnancy and Child Birth

  Provides sites for egg fertilization and development, also serves as birth canal
• Ovaries


  The primary female reproductive organs where ova are formed
• Fallopian tube


  Transports the ova to the uterus with the aid of the fimbriae and cilia, fertilization occurs here
• Uterus (The Womb)


  A pear-shaped muscular organ in the upper female reproductive tract, where the fertilized egg or zygote is implanted
• Cervix


  Located in the lower portion of the uterus, between the uterus and vagina, acts as a passage through which the baby exits the uterus into the vagina
• Vagina


  A tube-like muscular structure measuring about 7.5 cm that connects the internal reproductive organs with the external genitalia
• Vulva


  The external female genitalia which runs from the pubic area downward to the rectum, features: Labia majora, Labia minora, Clitoris, Urethral opening, Vaginal opening, Vaginal vestibule, Bartholin's Gland