Trans

• Small amounts found naturally in Dairy products (not harmful to health)
• Industrially produced:

  • Cheap to produce
  • Improve taste & texture
  • Ideal to use repeatedly for deep frying
• Enzyme cannot recognize trans bond --> linger in blood vessel
• • In the 1990s, concerns developed about the effect of trans-fats on the levels of unhealthy cholesterol in the blood.
  • In 1992, a landmark study found those with the highest intake of trans-fats had a 50% increase in coronary heart disease
  • 2008: WHO conclude that partially hydrogenated vegetable oils increase risk of coronary heart disease, sudden cardiac death, metabolic syndrome, diabetes
• Intake: < 1% total energy intake