Circulatory

• Circulatory system


  Crucial for both plants and animals to ensure nutrients and oxygen reach every cell in their body
• Types of circulatory system

  • Animal Circulatory System
  • Vascular System (Plants)
• Types of animal circulatory system

  • Open Circulatory System
  • Close Circulatory System
• Open Circulatory System


  Blood flows freely through cavities since there are no vessels for blood to be carried, common in Invertebrates or Insects
• Close Circulatory System


  Blood circulates through arteries and veins, which are connected by capillaries
• Diffusion


  Movement of molecules from the higher concentration to the lower concentration
• Functions of circulatory system

  • Circulate blood throughout entire body
  • Transport of oxygen to cells
  • Transport of CO2 away from cells
  • Movement of immune system components
  • Transport of endocrine gland secretions
• Divisions of circulatory system (in multicellular animal)

  • Pulmonary Circulation
  • Systemic Circulation
• Pulmonary Circulation


  Blood flows between the heart and the lungs, the blood is being transported to the lungs to become oxygenated
• Systemic Circulation


  Blood is distributed to the tissues and other systems in order for the body to consume and transport the necessary nutrients needed by our body
• Parts of the animal circulatory system

  • The Heart
  • Chambers of the Heart
  • Valve of the heart
• The Heart


  A muscle that is about the size of a fist (in humans); pumps blood throughout the body, major pumping organ of the body
• Chambers of the Heart

  • Right Atrium
  • Left Atrium
  • Right Ventricle
  • Left Ventricle
• Valves of the heart

  • Pulmonary Valve
  • Aortic Valve
  • Tricuspid Valve
  • Mitral Valve
• Pulmonary Valve


  Prevents the back-flow of the blood from the lungs to the left atrium, opens when the atria contract
• Aortic Valve


  Prevents the back-flow from the left ventricle to the aorta, opens when the ventricles contract
• Tricuspid Valve


  Prevents the back-flow from the right ventricle to the right atrium, opens when the atria contract
• Mitral Valve


  Prevents the back-flow from the left ventricle to the left atrium, opens when the ventricles contract
• Channels of blood transportation

  • Artery
  • Vein
  • Capillary
• Artery


  It has the thickest wall of all three blood vessels, allowing it to withstand the high pressure created by the heart as it operates
• Vein


  It is less muscular and stretchy than an artery, so blood moves through it with low pressure. It also has a special valve that helps blood go only in one way
• Capillary


  It has the thinnest wall to allow substances to pass through the wall easily like oxygen and sugars in and out of the blood
• Arteries

  • Aorta
  • Carotid
  • Pulmonary Artery
• Aorta


  Biggest artery in the heart, transports the blood from the heart to the different parts of the body
• Carotid


  Transports blood to head, right arm and to the body
• Pulmonary Artery


  Transports blood from the right atrium to the lungs
• Veins

  • Pulmonary Vein
  • Superior Vena Cava
  • Inferior Vena Cava
• Pulmonary Vein


  Transports blood from the lungs to the heart
• Superior Vena Cava


  Transports blood from the upper extremities to the right atrium
• Inferior Vena Cava


  Transports blood from the lower extremities to the right atrium
• Kind of blood

  • Erythrocytes (red blood cells)
  • Leukocytes (white blood cells)
  • Thrombocytes (platelets)
• Erythrocytes


  Red blood cells that remove waste and deliver oxygen
• Leukocytes


  White blood cells that fight invading microorganisms during infection
• Thrombocytes


  Platelets necessary for blood clotting, they form a clot and prevent bleeding or hemorrhage
• Myocardial infarction (MI), colloquially known as "heart attack," happens when one or more areas of the heart muscle don't get enough oxygen. This happens when blood flow to the heart muscle is blocked.
• Atherosclerosis, also known as hardening of the arteries, occurs when plaque builds up on the walls of your arteries and eventually blocks blood flow. Plaque is made of cholesterol, fat, and calcium.
• Vascular System (in plants)


  Transports water and nutrients from the roots to the different parts of the plants
• Types of vascular tissues

  • Xylem
  • Phloem
• Xylem


  Carries water and minerals upward, from the root to its different parts
• Phloem


  Moves water and nutrients throughout the different parts of the plant