Anxiety

• Anxiety


  Negative mood state characterized by body symptoms of physical tension and by apprehension about the future
• Fear


  An immediate alarm reaction to danger
• Panic Attack defined as an abrupt experience of intense fear or acute discomfort, accompanied by physical symptoms
• Panic


  Sudden overwhelming reaction
• • Low GABA levels = increased anxiety
• We inherit the tendency to be tense, uptight, and anxious
• Low Serotonin = increased anxiety
• Corticotropin-Releasing Factor (CRF) activates Hypothalamic-Pituitary Adrenocortical (HPA) axis which has a wide ranging effects on areas of the brain implicated in anxiety
• Limbic System – mediator between the brain stem and the cortex that is most often associated with anxiety
• Behavioral Inhibition System – activated by signals from the brain stem of unexpected events
• Fight/Flight System (FFS) – produces an immediate alarm and-escape response that looks very much like panic in humans
• FFS is activated partly by the deficiencies in serotonin
• Freud: anxiety was a psychic reaction to danger surrounding the reactivation of an infantile fearful situation
• Behaviorists: Anxiety was a product of learning (Conditioning, Modeling, or other forms of learning)
• Anxiety Sensitivity: appears to be an important personality trait that determines who will and who will not experience problems with anxiety under certain stressful conditions
• ANXIETY DISORDERS

  • Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)

  • Specific Phobia

  • Panic Disorder

  • Agoraphobia

  • Generalized Anxiety Disorder

  • Selective Mutism

  • Separation Anxiety Disorder
• Specific Phobia

  Irrational fear of a specific object or situation that markedly interferes with an individual's ability to function
• > Blood-Injection - Injury Phobia

  • Nosocomephobia - hospitals
  • Hemophobia - blood
  • Trypanophobia - needles
  • Dentophobia - dentists
• > Situational Phobia

  • Aerophobia - flying
  • Claustrophobia - tight or crowded spaces
  • Glossophobia - public speaking
  • Sociophobia - social judgement
• > Nature Environment Phobia

  • Acrophobia - heights
  • Entomophobia - insects
  • Mysophobia - dirt and germs
  • Escalophobia - escalators
• > Animal Phobia

  • Zoophobia - animals
  • Arachnophobia - spiders
  • Cynophobia - dogs
  • Musophobia - mice and rats