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ANAPHY LAB
tour of human body
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Bianca Arciaga
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Skull protects the brain
Ribs protect the
heart
&
lungs
Vertebrae protects the
spinal
cord
Femur
produces blood cells in the leg
Humerus
produces blood cells in the arm
bones, cartilage, ligament, tendons are organs of skeletal system
Cartilage is aConnective tissue that is more flexible than bone
Examples of cartilage are nose, tops of ears, ends of bones
ligaments
Hold bones together to form joints (bone to bone)
bone marrow
is a soft connective tissue found in spaces in bone
red
bone
marrow
produces the body’s blood cell
yellow
bone
marrow
stores fat (energy reserve)
Muscular System
Some functions:
1. Helps the
body
move
2. Moves
food
through the digestive system
3. Keeps the heart
beating
longest bone is femur
gluteus maximus
is largest muscle
Muscle Action
• Involuntary muscle
• Voluntary muscle
3Typesof Muscle Tissue
•
Skeletal
•
Smooth
•
Cardiac
Skeletal
– bone, long cylindrical
•
Smooth
muscles-
hollow visceral organs (liver, intestines) lemon shape or spindle shape
Cardiac muscles-
heart, branched
biceps contract
when flex then triceps relaxed
triceps
contracts
when stretched then biceps relaxed
Integumentary System (Skin, hair nails)
Functions:
Covers and protects the body to prevent water loss and keep out foreign particles.
2. Keeps you in touch with the environment (nerve endings)
3. Regulates your body temperature
4. Gets rid of wastes (sweat/perspiration)
largest organ of body is skin
largest internal organ of body is
liver
first line of defense is
skin
Epidermis
·
Outermost
layer of skin
· No
nerves
or
blood
vessels
· Surface is made of
dead
cells
(provide protection)
LAYERS OF EPIDERMIS
stratum
corneum
(OUTEST)
stratum
lucidum
stratum
granulosum.
stratum
spinosum
stratum
basale
(DEEPEST)
Dermis (2nd layer of skin)
· Lower layer of the skin
· Contains
nerves
,
blood
vessels
,
sweat
glands
, hairs &
oil
glands
Nervous System (brains, spinal cord, nerve-neurons: nerve cell)
Functions:
Receives information about what is happening
inside
&
outside
of the body.
2. Directs the way your body
responds
to this
information.
(Remember stimulus and response?).
3. Helps maintain
homeostasis.
TWO BRANCHES OF NERVOUS SYSTEM
·
CENTRAL
NERVOUS SYSTEM
·
PERIPHERAL
NERVOUS SYSTEM
Central Nervous System
• Brain - controls most functions in the body
o Cerebrum
o Cerebellum
o Brainstem (medulla)
Peripheral Nervous System
· Neurons – nerve cell that is specialized to transfer messages in the form of fast-moving electrical energy
· electrical messages are called impulse
Neurons is nerve cell that is specialized to transfer messages in the form of fast-moving electrical energy
Peripheral
Nervous System
·
Neurons
– nerve cell that is specialized to transfer messages in the form of fast-moving electrical energy
· electrical messages are called
impulse
RESPIRATORY
Respiratory System
Function:
· Moves oxygen from the outside environment into the body.
· It also removes s
carbon
dioxide
and
water
from the body
Path of air into the body:
nose-
pharynx-trachea-bronchi-alveoli
Diaphragm
is large dome-shaped muscle used in breathing
inhalation-
diaphragm moves downward (enter of
oxygen
)
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