Textiles

    Subdecks (1)

    Cards (64)

    • Ecological issues - the issues concerning living things and the environment
    • Ecological issues
      • Natural materials, such as cotton, are grown on land that could be used for food production.
      • Synthetic (man-made) fabrics, such as polyester, are derived from petroleum, which is a limited resource.
      • Toxic pesticides are washed into water during intensive cotton farming.
      • Wastes from the dyeing process are released into streams and rivers.
      • Gases from textile factory chimneys cause air pollution.
    • Ethical issues
      • Poor working conditions: Many textile factories are based in poorer countries where workers have few rights and where working conditions are not good.
      • Low wages: Many workers are often so badly paid that their wages do not meet their basic needs.
      • Child labour: Many children work in unsafe conditions and they do not get a chance to be educated, which is a basic human rights.
      • Health and safety risks: Cotton farmers and factory workers are often exposed to pesticides and harmful chemicals.
    • Ethical issues
      Animal cruelty: Sometimes animals are used to supply raw materials such as fur and skin. Pollution from the textile industries destroys animal habitats and disrupts their food chains.
    • Repairing clothes and household textiles
      • sewing buttons
      • replacing a zip
      • Patching, for example the elbow of a jumper, the knee of a child's jeans. (Cutting a square of fabric larger than the area to repair the textile and tacking it)
      • Darning a knitted item (Weaving thread over a hole)
    • Darning example
    • Reusing clothes
      • Give them to your younger brothers
      or sisters
      • Swap with friends
      • Donate to charity shops to be resold
      • Upcycle and reuse
    • How to repurpose items
      Sheets,pillowcases - appron,fabric roses,patchwork quilt.
      Curtains - Table runner,shopping bag,draught excluder.
      towels - pet blanket and cleaning cloths.
      tablecloth - pin board and cloth napkins.
    • Recycling textiles.
      • It uses less energy than processing fabrics from raw materials.
      • It also decreases the need for chemicals and dyes used in manufacturing new textiles.
      • Recycling reduces the pollution caused by the manufacturing process.
      • It decreases the need for landfill space (most textile waste goes to landfill).
    • Recycled textiles are:
      • Resold at charity shops and second-hand clothing stores
      • Sent to poorer, developing countries
      • Turned into cleaning cloths, which are used in many industries and businesses
      Processed back into fibres and turned into paper, yarn, insulation, carpet padding,
      and other items
    • up cycling is changing unwanted products into new products for example a dress into a skirt. Jumper _ Cushion
    • Hot wash/maximum wash at 60 degrees
    • If the care label has a line under it - it means a short wash
    • Bar symbol
    • Care labels
    • Upholstery- the covering fabric on chairs etc and the teh filling inside
    • Fabric finishes improves appearance and performance
    • Environmentally friendly stain removers
      • Baking soda - Neutralises odours, soaks up liquids,e.g. from the carpet.
      • White vinegar Treats stains, e.g. coffee, tea and fruit juice.
      • sunlight removes stains overtimes.
      • Methylated spirits removes glue and sticker residue,and use to treat grass, ink and paint stains.
      • hyrdogen peroxide - treats ink,dye and rust mildew
    • Protein stains - Soak in cold water, then wash. If the stain has set, soak in warm water and
      an enzyme detergent.
      • Mild dew - mold) - soak in bleach then use hydrogen peroxide. Grease and oil - Soak in hot water and detergent.
    • Fabric conditioners -
      • soften clothes
      • makes ironing easier.
      • pleasant scent
    • What are detergent made from
      • Bleaching agents that remove most stains
      • •Enzymes such as protease that remove food stains
      • Surfactants that lower the surface tension of water and lift dirt from fabric
      • Optical brighteners that make white fabrics brighter
      • Perfumes that give fabrics a pleasant scent
    • Protease: An enzyme that digests protein-based stains.
    • Environmentally friendly textilecare
      • Wash clothes on short cycles and low temps (30 degrees)
      • Only put as wash on when you have a full load
      • Use eco - friendly detergents and stain removers
      • Dry clothes outside when possible to reduce tumble dryer use
    • Fabric finishes to add to curtains.
      • flameproof.
      • Shrink resistant and stain repellent
    • Embroidery
      Stitching pictures, scenes, or decorative features
      on textiles. Can be done by machine or by hand.
    • Appliqué
      Stitching small pieces of fabric onto a larger one to
      make a pattern or design.
    • Patchwork
      Sewing together pieces of fabric into a larger design.
    • beading
      Stitching beads, sequins or rhinestones to fabric to
      embellish the surface.(embellishment technique).
      • lace and braid _- adding white fabrics
    • Embellishment is adding a decorative detail or features of fabric to make it more attractive
    • 100 percent cotton = tree
    • Pure wool
    • Fibres - clothing material
    • Satin stitch - fills in shape
    • Stem stitch - to stitch initials
    • Sewing machine stitch - straight stitch.
      it is used to hold two pieces of fabric together to create a seam - line formed from sewing.
    • Benefits of taking part in textile craft work:
      1. Gives a sense of achievement.
      2. Reduces stress.
    • Line dry — this means the item should be hung up to dry and should not be tumble dried.
    • Backstitch - crosses over
    • Stain removal
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