science 2.0

• According to Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS), the Philippines sits on a unique tectonic setting ideal to volcanism and earthquake because it is situated along the Pacific Ring of Fire at the two boundaries of two tectonic plates
• Volcanism


  Any phenomenon of eruption of molten lava onto the surface, whether from a tall volcano or simply from magma that rises through a crack on a planet's lithosphere
• Volcano


  A hill, mountain, or fissure from which molten rocks, hot gasses, and ash are ejected
• Volcano


  • Built through the build up of molten lava cooling and hardening
• Mountain


  • Built by two plates at a convergent boundary
• Parts of a Volcano


  • Crater
  • Caldera
  • Magma
  • Lava
• Crater


  A funnel-shaped depression at the top of a volcano formed as a result of explosive eruption
• Caldera


  A volcanic crater that is formed when a part of the wall of the crater collapses following an explosive eruption
• Magma


  Molten rocks inside the earth that comes out of a vent
• Lava


  Magma that has been ejected out of a volcano
• Classification of volcanoes based on frequency of eruption


  • Active
  • Dormant
  • Extinct
• Active volcano


  A volcano which has erupted recently
• Dormant volcano


  A volcano which has erupted in the 2000 years, but not recently
• Extinct volcano


  A volcano which is unlikely to erupt ever again
• Cinder cone volcanoes


  • Formed by violent eruptions that released small fragments of lava into the air
  • Most have a bowl-shaped crater at the peak
• Shield volcanoes


  • Mauna Loa
  • Erta Ale
• Shield volcanoes


  • Large, broad volcanoes that look similar to shields
  • Magma flows out gently around a central opening in all directions, creating a broad, flat, domical shape