ART APP CH3 LESSON 1-3

• Sound


  A wave and a mechanical disturbance in matter that originates from a source and is sent outwards. Sounds may be classified as music, language, noise, or a mixture of all these.
• Audible Frequency Range

  20 - 20,000 Hertz (Hz). Infrasound and ultrasound can't be heard by human!
• Audible Decibel Range

  0 - 180 Decibel (dB).
• Silence

  The condition or quality of being quiet; is basically the absence of audible sound or noise.
• There is a composition where the performers do not play a single note? They just simply sit and wait for an assigned amount of time. This composition is entitled 4'33", pronounced "Four minutes and thirty-three seconds" by the modern composer John Cage.
• Noise

  Any sound that lacks reference to musical quality and is generally considered unpleasant or unbearable to the human ear.
• Music

  The art of organizing and putting together an array of sounds into a meaningful, perceptual experience.
• Melody

  An aspect of music which is probably the first and foremost thing that we remember when we listen to a song, or instrumental pieces. It has a lasting impression on the minds of listeners. It is a group of pitches used in a coherent pattern or succession. Each melody has different characteristics.
• Pitch

  The quality of the highness or lowness of a sound. Even noise has pitch!
• Interval

  The distance between two pitches. Small interval are "steps" and big interval as "leaps".
• Melody - ShapeA melody's shape is determined by the intervals used, whether it is in steps, skips, or huge leaps.
• Melody - Range

  The range, aka compass, is basically the distance between the highest pitch to the lowest pitch used within the melody. The range may be wide or narrow.
• Melody - Structure

  Melodies also have a structure – they are not just randomly jumbled notes, they should make some sort of musical sense. Musical phrases usually coincide with the poetry used in songs. This means that the rhyme, punctuation marks, and even the enjambment (placement of words) in a poem affect the construction and constitution of phrases within melodies.
• Harmony

  It is that event when two or more pitches, or notes, sound simultaneously.
• Chord

  A device in harmony where two or three pitches are sounded together.
• Scale

  A set of pitches arranged in a particular sequence and may either run going up (ascending) or going down (descending).
• Triad

  The most common chord, containing three notes from the major scale. The most common types of triad are the major and the minor chords.
• Texture in music

  Refers to the various layers of melodic lines and sounds happening simultaneously in a composition.
• Dynamics

  The property of music that deals with its loudness or softness (volume). In music, Italian terms are used to label variations in the loudness or softness of a sound.
• Rhythm

  It refers to the aspect of time in music. It determines how long or how short a pitch will sound, the employment of time patterns, the length of silences in between notes, and covers the speed of the music. Beats or counts are used to measure musical time.
• Accent


  Some beats are strong while some are weak.
• Meter

  A repeating pattern of strong and weak beats. Two common types of simple musical meter: duple and triple meter. In musical notation, meter is represented within measures or bars. The meter tells us how many beats are there in a single measure.
• Duple meter

  A type of meter where beats are grouped in twos. The best example of this is a march, reflecting the movement of our two feet.
• Triple meter

  A type of meter where beats are grouped in threes. An example of song that uses this meter is "Bahay Kubo".
• Rubato

  Means 'robbed time.' When doing a rubato, musicians stretch the rhythm of the music, the meter wavers and it becomes elastic.
• Tempo

  Dictates the pace of music, and it sets the mood and gives character to the piece.
• Timbre or Tone Color

  The quality of the notes we hear in music, dependent on the instruments, voices, and the method of how these instruments and voices are played/manipulated.
• MELODY PITCH - A melody is made up of pitches used in a coherent pattern or succession.

  A pitch is the quality of the highness or lowness of a sound.
• Threshold of Pain - A sound level of 120 dB and above which can cause pain and damage to the ears.
• Consonance is when two or more notes are at rest or resolved with each other
• dissonance - is when two or more pitches sound tense or unresolved when heard together.
• Monophony - is a single unaccompanied melody.
• Polyphony - is the type of texture when two or more tunes/melodies are played or sung together at the same time.
• Homophony - is when a melody is accompanied and harmonized simultaneously by chords.
• Tempo markings are written in Italian.
• The word tempo means "time" in Italian.
• BPM (beats per minute); 60 bpm 1 beat per sec; 120 bpm 2 beats per sec