Respiratory System

• -capnia


  carbon dioxide
• -ectasis


  dilation, expansion
• -osmia


  smell
• -phonia


  voice
• pnea-, spir/o-


  breathing
• pulmon/o


  lung
• -ptysis


  spitting
• -thorax


  chest
• anthrac/o


  coal
• atel/o


  incomplete
• coni/o


  dust
• trache/o


  trachea, windpipe
• nas/o


  nose
• orth/o


  straight
• alveol/o


  alveolus, air sac
• rhinitis


  inflammation of the nose
• pulmonary ventilation (breathing)


  movement of air in and out of the lungs
• Inhalation


  the act of breathing in
• Exhalation


  the act of breathing out
• Respiration


  the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between living cells and their environment
• external respiration


  the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood
• internal respiration


  exchange of gases between the blood and the cells of the body
• Oxygenation


  the process of delivering oxygen to the body's tissue cells
• nose


  primary passageway for air entering the respiratory system

  
• nasal cavity


  hollow space behind the nose

  
• sinuses


  air spaces in the bones of the skull that act as resonating chambers for the voice moisten and filter air and regulate air temperature to protect the lungs.

  
• Pharynx


  throat; passageway for food to the esophagus and air to the larynx

  
• Epiglottis


  A flap of tissue that seals off the windpipe and prevents food from entering the trachea and the lungs.

  
• Larynx


  voice box; passageway for air moving from pharynx to trachea; contains vocal cords

  
• Trachea


  Allows air to pass to and from lungs

  
• lungs


  two spongy organs, located in the thoracic cavity enclosed by the diaphragm and rib cage, responsible for respiration

  
• Bronchi


  two short branches located at the lower end of the trachea that carry air into the lungs.

  
• Bronchioles


  Smallest branches of the bronchi. Terminal bronchioles lead to alveolar ducts.

  
• Alevoli/alveolus (al-vee-ohl-su)


  tiny air sacs at the end of each bronchiole. surrounded by a capillary network that allow for gas exchange. there are about 500 million in an adult lung.

  
• Tuberculosis


  An infectious disease that may affect almost all tissues of the body, especially the lungs

  
• Asthma


  A chronic allergic disorder characterized by episodes of severe breathing difficulty, coughing, and wheezing.

  
• atelectasis (at-eh-lek-tah-sis)


  collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of alveoli

  
• Emphysema


  a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged and enlarged, causing breathlessness. main cause is smoking.

  
• lung cancer


  also called lung carcinoma. Uncontrolled cell growth in lung tissue. several different types.

  
• chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

  permanent, destructive pulmonary disorder that is a combination of chronic bronchitis and emphysema