5.2 Encoding

• What is encoding?


  the process of sensing information, processing the information and storing it to be retrieved later.
• What is visual encoding?


  the process of remembering visual images. Visually encoded information is forgotten easily, therefore, it's the most shallow type of processing.

  
  

  
  

  An example of visual encoding would be trying to remember a list of words with each word only being shown for a second. You would be able to remember if there was a word written in red ink or written with all capital letters
• What is acoustic encoding?


  the processing and remembering of sound. It's deeper than visual encoding, but not as deep as semantic encoding.

  
  

  An example of acoustic encoding would be remembering a slogan to a famous commercial, or even knowing the lyrics to a song that you enjoy
• What is semantic encoding?


  remembering by something meaning
• What is maintenance rehearsal?


  the process of repeatedly thinking about or verbalizing a certain piece of information.

  
  

  
  

  For example, you may not remember the phone number of your favorite takeout restaurant. So you ask your friend near you for the number (they have it memorized). Then, you keep repeating it to yourself until you are able to reach the phone and dial the number.
• What is elaborative rehearsal?


  the process of using active thinking about the meaning of the term that needs to be remembered rather than just repeating the word/information over and over again.

  
  

  
  

  For example, if you want to remember the term "hippocampus" you would first look up what it means. Then you find its purpose, look at a diagram, and study it. Then, you think about how the term relates to the things you already know.
• What is the self-reference effect?


  When you apply a situation to yourself, you are more likely to remember what the situation is