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GENERAL BIOLOGY 2
GEN BIO 2 WEEK 6 Q4
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MUSCULAR SYSTEM FUNCTION
GENERAL BIOLOGY 2 > GEN BIO 2 WEEK 6 Q4
2 cards
The Growth and Formation of Bone
GENERAL BIOLOGY 2 > GEN BIO 2 WEEK 6 Q4
11 cards
Cards (32)
Musculoskeletal
System
The system that provides
support
, structure, and
movement
to the body
Skeletal
System
Provides
support
and
protection
Produces
blood cells
Stores
minerals
Cellularity
The
percentage
of
blood cells
produced in different organs during development
Types
of Skeleton
Exoskeleton
- bony structure found externally (vertebrate) - skin derivatives [dermis and epidermis]
Endoskeleton
- bony structure found internally
Types
of Exoskeleton
Chitin exoskeleton
Calcium carbonate exoskeleton
Classification
of Bones by Location
Axial
skeleton - located in the median axis of the body
Appendicular
skeleton - located at the sides of the body
Classification
of Bones by Shape
Long bones -
elongated
and
cylindrical
Short bones -
small
and
cubed
Irregular bones -
varied shapes
that permit connections with other bones
Round bones -
circular
in shape
Flat bones -
platelike
with
broad
surfaces
Tendon
Connects
muscle
to
bone
Ligament
Connects bone
to
bone
Cartilage
Flexible
connective tissue found in many areas of the body,
stiffer
and less flexible than muscle
Bone
Cells
Osteoblast
- responsible for secreting
matrix
, ostein
Osteoclast
- performs bone
reabsorption
Types
of Muscles
Smooth Muscles - act on the
lining
of the body's passageways and
hollow
internal organs
Cardiac Muscles - forms the
wall
of the heart and responsible for the
contraction
of the heart
Skeletal Muscles - muscles attached to
bone
that cause body
movements
How
Muscles Work
1.
Biceps contracted
, triceps relaxed (extended)
2.
Triceps contracted
,
biceps relaxed
Origin
The end of a
muscle
that does
not
move
Insertion
The
end
of a muscle that
moves
when the muscle contracts
Muscle
Movements
Adduction
- moving body part toward the midline
Abduction
- moving body part away from midline
Flexion
- decreasing the angle between two bones or bending a body part
Extension
- increasing the angle between two bones or straightening a body part
Rotation
- turning a body part around its own axis
Circumduction
- moving
in
a circle at a joint
Cellulose
A
polysaccharide
that makes up the
cell wall
of plants
Plants do not have
muscles
, but they do have
motor cells
in the region where the leaf connects to the stem
15
years of age in girls and
16
in boys
Longitudinal growth
of
bone
continues until approximately
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