Math

• Remainder


  The leftovers of a division problem that didn’t divide evenly
• A few addition keywords are: altogether, in all, total, and sum
• A few subtraction keywords are: fewer than, less than, and difference between
• Scale


  The distance between each tick on a number line
• Coordinate


  A point marked by a dot on a number line
• Counting ticks on a number line

  Skip the first or the last tick, otherwise you will get the wrong answer
• Figuring out the scale of a number line

  1. Subtract the second number by the first

  2. Divide the result by the number of ticks in between them
• Commutative property


  The order of the numbers doesn't matter, and the result will stay the same
• Commutative property formula


  1. A+B=B+A

  2. AxB=BxA
• Associative property


  The order of grouping the parentheses doesn't matter, and the result will stay the same
• Associative property formula

  1. (A+B)+C=A+(B+C)

  2. (AxB)xC=Ax(BxC)
• Distributive property formula

  Ax(B+C)=AxB+AxC
• Factors


  Numbers that you can use in multiplication to get another number, like how 2 and 3 are factors of 12
• Multiples


  The results of multiplying a number, like how 16 is a multiple of 8
• Factor pairs


  Different factors that when paired together equal a certain number, like how 2x3=6
• Common factors


  Shared factors between two different numbers
• Common multiples


  Shared multiples between two different numbers
• Greatest common factor (GCF)


  The greatest factor that two numbers share
• Least common multiple (LCM)


  The smallest multiple that two numbers share
• Prime number


  A number that can't be perfectly divided by any numbers other than one and itself
• Composite number


  A number that can be divided by more numbers than just one and itself
• Every composite number can be written as a product of prime numbers
• One isn't a prime or composite number
• Two is the only even prime number
• Prime factorization


  The process of finding out which prime numbers multiply together to create the original number
• Factory trees


  • A good method of prime factorization
  • First write the original number at the top
  • Split it into factor pairs until all the numbers left are prime
  • Numbers can have multiple factor trees, and as long as you're doing it correctly the answer will be the same
• An unknown number in math is called a variable. It’s represented by a letter.