PEH REVIEWER

• Basketball


  A sport in which two teams of five players each try to score points on one another by throwing a ball through a hoop (the basket) under organized rules
• Basketball


  • Points are scored by passing the ball through the basket from above, the team with more points at the end of the game wins
  • A regular jump shot inside the arch is worth two points, beyond the arch is three points, and a free throw is one point
  • The ball can be advanced on the court by bouncing it (dribbling) or passing it between teammates
  • Disruptive physical contact (foul) is not permitted and there are restrictions on how the ball can be handled (violations)
• Basketball was invented by Dr. James Naismith


  Early December 1891
• Women's basketball


  Began in 1892 at Smith College when Senda Berenson, a physical education teacher, modified Naismith's rules for women
• Basketball court

  Dimensions: 28m X 15m

  
• Basketball ball


  • A spherical ball used in basketball games
  • It has a traditional eight-panel ball
  • For Amateur, High school & Collegiate: 27 inches (69 cm) in circumference in Grade School & High School, Collegiate: 30 inches (76 cm) - MEN, 29 inches (74 cm) – WOMEN
  • For Professional: National Basketball Association (NBA) is 29.5 inches (75 cm) in circumference and for the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA), a maximum circumference of 29 inches (74 cm)
• Backboard


  • A raised vertical board with an attached basket consisting of a net suspended from a hoop
  • The top of the hoop is 10 feet (3.05m or 305 cm) above the ground
  • Regulation backboards are 6 feet (1.83m or 183 cm) wide by 3.6 feet (1.1m or 110 cm) tall
  • Basketball rims (hoop) are 18 inches (46 cm) in diameter
  • The inner rectangle on the backboard is 24 inches (61 cm) wide by 18 inches (46 cm) tall
• Scoreboard & Game Clock


  Shows the score for each team, the Official time, quarter/period, possession arrow, team fouls & timeouts
• Shot Clock or 24-second Shot Clock


  A countdown timer used in basketball that provides a set amount of time (24–14 seconds) that a team may possess the ball before attempting to score a field goal
• Ways to score in basketball


  • Jump Shot
  • Dunk
  • Alley oop
  • Free throw
  • Layup
  • Hook Shot
• Passing


  A good offensive attack that needs precision and accurate target of moving the ball from one side to the other without even dribbling. This helps find an open man, to find a good shooter or to get away from a defender.
• Types of passes


  • Overhead Pass
  • Chest Pass
  • Baseball Pass
  • Bounce Pass
• Dribbling


  A player in possession with the ball can only move while dribbling, that involves player movement & control in handling the ball
• Rebounding


  • It is essential to gain or regain possession after the shot. Usually, the team who has the greatest number of rebounds after the game has more shot attempts and chances to score.
  • Offensive rebounds give the offensive team another opportunity to score whether right away or by resetting the offense.
  • Defensive rebounds are when the defending team gains possession.
• Offense


  The only chance that the team has a shot at the basket and scores a point. Playing a good offense requires coordination among players and individual skill to execute well plays.
• Defense


  To be able to get a chance to score and gain possession, the team should play good defense and try to stop their opponent from scoring.
• Player positions


  • Point Guard
  • Shooting Guard
  • Small Forward
  • Power Forward
  • Center
• Violations


  • Walking/Traveling
  • Carrying/palming
  • Double Dribble
  • Backcourt violation
  • 24-Second Violation
  • Three in the Key
  • Eight-Second Violation
  • Five-second throw-in violation
  • Goaltending
  • Basket interference
  • Stepping out of bounds and throwing the ball out of bounds
  • Floor Violation
  • Lane Violation
• Foul


  An infraction of the rules more serious than a violation. Most fouls occur as a result of illegal personal contact with an opponent and/or unsportsmanlike behavior.
• Technical Foul


  A penalty for a violation of conduct rules
• Other Violations


  • Stepping out of bounds and throwing the ball out of bounds
  • Floor Violation
  • Lane Violation
• Floor Violation


  An action of a player who violates the rules but doesn't commit any foul or hinder the opponent. Usually, the penalty for floor violation is a change of ball possession.
• Lane Violation


  At the time of a free throw, if a player enters the lane too soon, lane violation is said to have been committed. Usually, the penalty for lane violation results in a turnover or the other team receives another free throw.
• Technical Foul


  A penalty for a violation of conduct, such as abusive language or fighting. Each technical foul awards a free throw to the opposing team. Two technical fouls in one game mean an automatic ejection for the offending player or coach.
• Flagrant Foul


  A personal foul that involves excessive or violent contact that could injure the fouled player. A flagrant foul may be unintentional or purposeful; the latter type is also called an "intentional foul" in the NBA. However, most intentional fouls are not considered flagrant and fouling intentionally is an accepted tactic to regain possession of the ball with minimal time off the game clock.
• Personal Foul


  A breach of the rules that concerns illegal personal contact with an opponent. Most personal fouls are called against a defensive player. A personal foul that is committed by a player of the team in possession of the ball is called an offensive foul.
• Offensive Foul


  Called when the player with the ball charges into a defender who is in a stationary, defensive position.
• Charging


  A violation in which an offensive player runs into a stationary opponent.
• Defensive Foul


  Called after any unnecessary or illegal contact either on the ball or away from the ball.
• Blocking


  Once the game or practice is on, a player tries to position his or her body in a way to prevent the opponent from getting ahead. Blocking is mostly done by the defense team players. Is illegal personal contact resulting from a defender not establishing position in time to prevent an opponent's drive to the basket.
• Hand Check


  A personal foul done by the defense team player. When he or she occasionally or continuously uses his or her hand(s) on the opponent player who has the ball.
• Holding


  Whether you are in a defense or offense team, using your hands to interfere your opponent's freedom of movement commits a holding fouls.
• Over-the-Back


  A player who jumps on and goes over the back of his or her opponent who is trying to attempt a rebound with the ball.
• Illegal Screen


  A player who is setting the screen still moves when the defense team's player makes contact with him or her. Illegal screen is a type of blocking where the defender is prevented from moving around the screen.
• Shooting Foul


  This foul is committed when a player is fouled while in the act of shooting the ball. If the player misses the shot, he or she receives 2 or 3 free throw, depending on which shot he or she was originally taking.
• Tripping


  When a player uses his or her foot or leg to make the opponent to lose or fall during the game is said to have committed the tripping foul.
• Team Fouls


  The number of personal fouls committed within a specified quarter or period that do not exceed the allowable limit after which the opposing team begins to receive bonus free throws.
• Allowed: 4 fouls
• Penalty: 5 fouls & above
• William G. Morgan created a new game called mintonette in Holyoke, Massachusetts, USA


  February 9, 1895