DRARR l Exam Reviewer

• Local Government Unit (LGU)


  Who has the authority to declare local suspensions in areas where there is no storm signal?
• What month is Fire Prevention Month in the Philippines?

  March
• Presidential Proclamation No. 115-A


  What law states that the month of March is the Fire Prevention Month in the country?
• National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC)


  What government serves as the President's adviser on disaster preparedness programs, disaster operations and rehabilitation efforts undertaken by the government and the private sector?
• Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP)


  What government agency whose role is to suppress and prevent the outbreak of destructive fires and enforce relevant laws?
• The Bureau of Fire Protection, as the government agency mandated to prevent and suppress all kinds of destructive fires, investigate its causes, enforce fire-related laws and provide emergency medical and rescue services, shall anchor all the activities for the Fire Prevention Month towards fire safety at home by introducing innovative programs and activities leading towards motivating the public to take fire safety as everyone's concern.
• DOST


  What government agency is in-charge of disaster mitigation and prevention?
• RA 10121


  What law mandated the establishment of DRRM offices in every province, city, and municipality, and DRRM committees in every barangay?
• DILG


  What government agency is in-charge of disaster preparedness?
• There are 17 Regional DRRMC in our country.
• Fire Extinguisher


  It is a handheld active fire protection device usually filled with a dry or wet chemical used to extinguish or control small fires.
• NEDA


  Government agency in-charge of disaster rehabilitation and recovery.
• DSWD


  What government agency is in-charge of disaster response?
• PAGASA (Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration)


  What government agency is in concern with typhoons?
• Who signed the Presidential Proclamation No. 115-A, stating that the year 1966 and every year subsequently as Safety and Accident Prevention Year?

  Ferdinand Marcos Sr.
• Components of a fire triangle


  • Oxygen
  • Heat
  • Fuel
• Components of a fire tetrahedron

  • Oxygen
  • Heat
  • Fuel
  • Chemical Chain Reaction
• Fire Triangle vs. Fire Tetrahedral

  Oxygen, heat, and fuel are frequently referred to as the "fire triangle". Add in the fourth element, the chemical reaction, and you actually have a fire "tetrahedron". The important thing to remember is: take any of these four things away, and you will not have a fire or the fire will be extinguished.
• There are 122 City DRRMC in our country.
• Types/classes of Fire

  • Class A
  • Class B
  • Class C
  • Class D
  • Class K
• Class A


  Fires in ordinary combustibles, such as wood, paper, cloth, rubber, and many plastics. Making the fuel cool below ignition temperature can extinguish the fire. How to Extinguish: For this type of fire, simply using water can put out the fire.
• Class B


  Fires in flammable liquids—such as gasoline, petroleum greases, tars, oils, oil-based paints, solvents and alcohols—or flammable gases, propane, and butane. DOES NOT include fires involving cooking oils and grease. How to Extinguish: This type of fire can be extinguished by forming a blockage between oxygen and the fuel, for instance, by applying a layer of foam.
• Class C


  Involve fuel that belongs to either class A or B but which also involve powered electrical equipment like home appliances, motors, and transformers. How to Extinguish: This type of fire requires knowledge of special techniques and agents (usually carbon dioxide or dry chemical agents) to be extinguished. Because of the involvement of electricity, extinguishing this fire type by water is very dangerous and out of the question.
• Class K


  Involve fuels such as cooking oils and greases (animal-and vegetable-fat derived). How to Extinguish: Only a fully-protected firefighter should deal with such fires.
• Class D


  Involve combustible metals such as aluminum, lithium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, titanium, and zirconium, most of which are usually contained in automobiles. How to Extinguish: Salt-based special powders and clean dry sand are effective in extinguishing such fires.
• Disaster Risk Reduction


  Refers to systematic efforts to minimize vulnerabilities and disaster risks, to avoid or to limit the effects of hazards.
• Disaster Management Cycle


  It is the entire array of activities aimed at reducing the severity of impact of the disaster-causing event which are undertaken before, during, and after a disaster. It is cyclic in approach and cut across different phases.
• Examples of man made cause of fire


  • Human-made Wildfires or forest fires
  • Cooking equipment
  • Heaters
  • Smoking in bedrooms
  • Candles
  • Curious children
  • Faulty wiring
  • Barbeques
  • Flammable liquids
  • Lighting
• Items that are essential in a disaster kit


  • Shelter
  • Water
  • Food
  • Tools
  • Fire starting items
  • Light and signaling Instruments
  • First aid kits
  • Personal effects and hygiene kit
  • Important documents
  • Money
• The Philippines is at Risk of Disasters due to its Geography, Climate and Human induced Calamities.
• Examples of DRR activities done before a Disaster Strikes


  • Building code revision and implementation
  • Hazard and vulnerability analyses
  • Zoning and land use management
  • Public awareness and education
  • Early warning systems including forecasting and dissemination of warnings
• Hydrometeorological Hazard Maps


  It is a guide that highlights areas that are vulnerable to potential hazards like storm surge, typhoon, and flood.
• Storm Surge


  It is a rapid rise of seawater above normal level on the coast, generated by the strong winds brought about by typhoons and thunderstorms.
• Class C


  What type of fire does involve either class A or class B, and powered electrical equipment like home appliances, motors, and transformers?
• Adaptation


  It is defined as the adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or exploits beneficial opportunities.
• There are 1,512 Municipal DRRMC in our country.
• What to do before a disaster strike?

  • The key to staying safe is to prepare and to have an emergency plan in place.
  • If you live in a highrise, know how to evacuate the building. Use stairs instead of the elevator.
  • If closed doors or handles are warm, use an alternate exit.
  • Learn fire safety techniques and teach them to your family regularly. Make sure everyone is familiar with the technique "STOP, DROP, AND ROLL" in case clothing catches on fire.
  • Talk to children about the dangers of fire and keep lighters and matches out of reach.
  • Make a personalized preparedness emergency kit. Families should be prepared to be self-sustaining for at least three days.
• What to do after a disaster strike?


  • Only re-enter your home if you are authorized by officials to do so.
  • Have injuries treated by a medical professional.
  • Take precautions while cleaning your property. Wear protective gear including boots, safety glasses and rubber gloves when cleaning up.
  • Ensure your food and water is safe. Discard any food that may have been exposed to heat, smoke or soot and do not use water that may be contaminated.
  • Following public health guidelines in your province/territory, check on vulnerable family members, friends and neighbours who may require special assistance.
• Class B fire


  Liquids, such as gasoline, oil, and paint
• Class A fire


  Solid materials, such as wood, paper, and textiles