23) Policies towards Jews and 'Untermenschen'

• Untermensch'


  a person considered racially or socially inferior.
• The Wannsee Conference

  January 1942, made the decision to exterminate Jews and informed officials of their roles.

  Led by Heydrich, 15 key Nazi officials but Hitler didn't attend.
• How many died at Chelmno

  145,000
• How many died at Belzec

  more than 1/2 million
• How many killed at Sobibor

  250,000
• How many killed at Treblinka

  1 million
• How many killed in Majdanek were Jews

  60%
• How many killed at Auschwitz

  1.3 million
• When was Auschwitz established

  1943
• How many different partisans groups

  over 20
• Bielski brothers


  brothers from Belarus who started a commune in the woods and eventually saved 1,200 Jews from the Nazis
• Revolt in Auschwitz

  blew up crematorium 4
• How many Jewish partisans active in Lithuania in 1942

  about 10,000
• How many died on death marches

  250,000-400,000
• What triggered the death marches

  From autumn 1944, German forces began to retreat so there were evacuations from camps
• How many Jews died overall

  between 5 and 6 million
• How many gypsies killed

  approximately 250,000
• Hitler as responsible for holocaust

  - set the framework of goals

  -leading Nazis worked for him

  - 1939 'total war' speech implied he wanted to 'eliminate' Jews
• Other Nazi leader as responsible for holocaust

  - implemented

  - Gave the official orders in the Wannsee conference

  - Goebbels preventing uprisings using propaganda and made people accept the final solution
• German People influences in the holocaust

  -Police Battalion 101 - this group of ordinary soldiers killed 38,000 Jews

  - Many lower ranking soldiers willingly killed even when told it wasn't compulsory
• SS as responsible for holocaust


  - ran extermination camps

  - before the camps, they were involved in discrimination against Jews e.g. boycott of Jewish businesses

  - Einsatzgruppen from 1939 was a branch of SS
• How many Soviet prisoners of war died

  over 3 million
• How many killed by Einsatzgruppen in total

  around 40,000