Ch.5- Integumentary System

• What are the 3 layers of the skin?

  Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis

  
• What are the epidermis layers?

  "COME LETS GET SUNBURNED" ( Top to Bottom)

  
• Stratum corneum (horny layer)

  all dead cells

  
• Stratum lucidum (clear layer)

  dead cells in thick skin

  
• Stratum granulosum (granular layer)

  Mixture of old cells that are alive and dying cells

  
• Stratum Spinosum (Prickly Layer)

  Fairly young and happy cells

  
• Stratum Basale (germinativum)

  New healthy cells being produced (melanin is in this layer)

  
• What are sweat glands?

  Eccrine gland & Sudoriferous glands (stinky glands)
• What skin layer are sweat glands found?

  Dermis
• What are oil glands?

  sebaceous (sebum)

  
• Where are skin layer oil glands found?

  Dermis
• What is the function of skin?

  thermoregulation/homeostasis
• What is keratin?

  hair and nails
• What skin layer is keratin found?

  dermis
• Where is adipose/fat tissue located?

  hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)
• Which of the following are excreted through the skin?

  Urea, blood and alcohol
• Functions of body membranes


  1. cover body surfaces

  2. line body cavities

  3. form protective sheets around organs
• Two major categories of body membranes

  epithelial and connective tissue membranes
• epithelial membranes


  cutaneous, mucous, serous
• connective tissue membranes


  synovial membranes
• epithelial membranes


  are simple organs; also called covering and lining membranes
• These membranes contain both


  epithelial tissue layer and connective tissue layer
• cutaneous membrane


  skin
• cutaneous membrane


  dry membrane, outermost protective boundary
• cutaneous membrane consists of two layers?

  epidermis and dermis
• Epidermis


  composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
• Dermis


  mostly dense(fibrous) connective tissue
• mucous membrane(mucosae)


  a.)Moist membranes

  b.) Some mucosa secrete protective, lubricating mucus

  c.) Line all body cavities that open to the exterior body surface

  d.) Adapted for absorption or secretion

  ​
• mucous membrane consists of two layers?

  a.) Epithelium type depends on site

  b.) Loose connective tissue (lamina propria)
• serous membranes


  a.)Line compartments in the ventral body cavity that are closed to the exterior of the body

  b.) Occurs in pairs,separated by serous fluid, with a visceral and parietal layer
• serous membrane consists of two layers


  Simple squamous epithelium and Areolar connective tissue
• peritoneum


  cover organs in the abdominal cavity
• pleura


  surrounds the lungs
• Pericardia


  surrounds the heart
• connective tissue membranes


  - Loose areolar connective tissue only( no epithelial tissue)

  - Secrete a lubricating fluid to cushion organs moving against each other during muscle activity
• In connective tissue membranes, line fibrous capsules surrounding joints


  Line bursae and Line tendon sheaths
• integumentary system


  skin(cutaneous membrane)
• integumentary system skin appendages


  sweat glands, oil glands, hair, and nails
• Functions of the integumentary system


  -Insulates and cushion deeper body organs

  -Protects the entire body from:

  Mechanical damage (bumps and cuts)

  Chemical damage (acids and bases)

  Thermal damage (heat or cold)

  Ultraviolet (UV) radiation (sunlight)

  Microbes (bacteria)

  Water loss

  
  

  - Regulation heat loss as controlled by the nervous system

  - Act as a mini-excretory system; sweat aids in the loss of:

  Urea

  Salts

  Water

  
  

  - Synthesizes vitamin D

  - Secretions create a protective acid mantle

  ​
• Two kinds of tissue compose the skin

  epidermis and dermis