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• Soft Plywood – most common for structural use.
• Hardwood Plywood – used for paneling and finishing where usually only one face is with hardwood finish.
• Exterior or marine plywood – is made for external use.
• Hardboard/Pressed wood or fiber board- is made from woodchips which are exploded into fibers with high pressure steam.
• Particle Boards - manufactured from wood chips, curls, fibers, flakes, strands, shaving slivers which are bound together and pressed into sheets and other molded shapes.
• Laminated Wood- processed by sawmilling and drying, knot and cracks are removed, and the pieces are connected by finger joints in fiber direction to create a wide and long materials.
• Checks– is a lengthwise separation of the wood like small crack or split.
• Split/Shake– is a lengthwise break or big crack in the board.
• Knot – is a branch or limb of a tree that has been exposed as the log is cut into lumber.
• Decay – is the rotting of wood
• Wane– is lack of wood on the face of the piece.
• Warp – is any variation from a tree or plane surface. It includes crack, bow, cup, twist, or may combination of this.
• Stain – is a discoloration of the wood surface.
• Joint- means the union of two or more smooth or even surfaces, admitting two or more pieces of timber to a close fitting or junction.
• Joinery- is the art of joint making.
• T joints – one piece joined at right angles to the face r edge of another forming a T – shape.
• L joints – two pieces joined to form a corner.
• X joints – the pieces crossed over or fixed into each other to form a cross.
• Edge joints – edges that are joined to produced wide surfaces.
• Lengthening joints – two pieces joined end to end
• Three – way joints – three pieces of wood joined such as chair legs and rails.
• BUTT JOINT- the end of one piece is fastened to the surface or edge of the other.
• Lap joints - are mostly used to assemble light frames which are going to be covered with hardboard or plywood.
• Rabbet Joint- the first piece fits into a channel cut across the end or edge of the second piece.
• Dado Joint- is good for shelves, steps, bookcases, book racks, chests and other types of cabinets.
• Miter Joint- the corners are cut at an angle usually 45 degrees. When the two pieces are joined, they will form a right angle.
• Mortise and Tenon Joint- is one of the strongest. It is found on better quality chairs, tables and benches.
• Dovetail Joint- is used on the corners of the best drawers and chairs.
• Cutting – cutting wood to the right size and shape can be done with a variety of hand tools and machines.