Attachments

• How can attachment be observed?

  1. Proximity - stay physically close to those they are attached to
  2. Seperation distress- distressed when those who they are attached to leave their presence
  3. Secure base behaviour-regularly check in and make contact when playing + exploring
• What are the two main care-giver interactions ?

  1. Reciprocity
  2. international synchrony
• What is reciprocity ?

  • When each person responds and elicits a response from them
  • builds a basis for trust
  • builds and emotional connection between child and caregiver
  • must be reciprocal between mother and child
  • influences a childs neurological, cognitive and psychological development
• What is international synchrony ?

  • behaviour of 2 or more individuals become synchronised
  • mother and infant both reflect upon both the actions and emotions of the other in a coordinated way
  • when one has finnished the other takes over
• What did brazelton find about reciprocity?

  • frozen face study
  • infants became stressed when their mother stopped reciprocating and adopted a passive face
• what did Meltzoff and Moore (1977) discover about interactional synchrony ?

  • infants as young as 2 weeks old
  • adults expressed one of 3 facial Expressions or gestures
  • infants response was filmed
  • found a association between the adult and infant action
  • important for mother infant attachment
• What other interactions are there ?

  1. Mimicking (mimic face / body expression)
  2. caregiveresse (speech pattern / tone )
  3. bodily contact (after birth increase attachment )
• IWhat is evaluation for caregiver infant interactions ?

  1. Isabella et al - 30 babies + mothers observed(association between High synchrony and better attachment )
  2. hard to observe infants- do actions have meaning or are unconscious coincidence
  3. socially sensitive- different child rearing practices influence (mums who go to work quickly restrict chance of synchrony