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Physics P3
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Cards (60)
The main ways in which we use the
Earth's energy resources
are:
• generating
electricity
•
heating
•
transport.
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define reliable
energy
energy sources that are always
available
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non renewable energy source
factors
are...
• not
replaced
as
quickly
as they are used
• will eventually
run out
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renewable energy
source factors are...
• can be
replaced
at
the same rate
as they are used
• will
not run out
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examples of non
renewable energy sources
are...
coal
, gas,
oil
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examples of renewable energy sources are...
solar
, tidal, wave, wind,
geothermal
, biofuel
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main uses of
coal
,
oil
and
gas
generating electricity,
transport
,
heating
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sources of
coal, oil and
gas
extracted from
underground
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Advantage
of using
coal
Enough available to meet
current energy
demands
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Advantage
of using
oil
Reliable
- supply can be
controlled
to meet demand
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Advantage of
using
gas
Relatively
cheap
to
extract
and use
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What is a major disadvantage of using
coal
,
oil
, and gas?
They
will
eventually run out.
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How do coal, oil, and gas contribute to climate change?
They release
carbon dioxide
when
burned.
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What
polluting
gas is released by
coal and oil
, causing
acid
rain?
Sulfur dioxide.
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What
environmental
impact do oil spills in the oceans have?
They kill
marine
life.
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main uses of
nuclear
fission
generating electricity
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sources
of
nuclear
fission
mining naturally occurring elements, such as
uranium
and
plutonium
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Advantage
of nuclear fission: No
polluting
gases or
greenhouse
gases produced
No
polluting
gases or greenhouse gases are produced as byproducts of
nuclear fission.
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Advantage
of nuclear fission: Enough available to meet
current energy
demands
Nuclear
fission provides a sufficient amount of
energy
to meet the current energy demands of society.
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Advantage
of nuclear fission: Large amount of
energy
transferred from a very
small
mass of fuel
Nuclear fission is efficient in transferring a large amount of
energy
from a
small
mass of fuel.
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Advantage
of nuclear fission:
Reliable
- supply can be controlled to meet demand
Nuclear fission is
reliable
as the supply can be controlled to meet the
energy
demand effectively.
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What
are some
disadvantages
of nuclear fission?
Produces
nuclear waste
that is dangerous, difficult, and expensive to dispose of; stored for centuries before
safe disposal.
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Why
are
nuclear power plants expensive
?
Expensive
to build, run, and
decommission
(shut down).
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solar energy main uses
generating
electricity
,
heating
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sources
of solar energy
sunlight
transfers energy
to solar cells, sunlight
transfers
energy
to
solar heating panels
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advantages of solar energy
can be used in remote places
very
cheap
to run once installed
no
pollution
/
greenhouse
gases produced
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Disadvantages
of solar energy
supply depends
on weather
expensive
to buy and install
cannot supply
large
scale
demand
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main
uses of hydroelectric energy
generating electricity
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sources of
hydroelectric
energy
water flowing
downhill
turns
generators
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advantages
of
hydroelectric
energy
low running costs,
no
fuel costs,
reliable
and supply can be controlled to meet demand
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Why is
hydroelectric
energy considered
expensive
?
Expensive
to build
hydroelectric dams
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What environmental impact is associated with hydroelectric dams?
Flood
a
large
area behind
the
dam,
destroying
habitats
and resulting in
greenhouse
gas production from
rotting
vegetation
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main
uses of
tidal
energy
generating electricity
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sources of
tidal
energy
turbines
on
tidal
barrages
turned by water as the
tide
comes in and out
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What is one
advantage
of tidal energy?
Predictable supply
due to
constant
tides
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What
is another
advantage
of tidal energy?
Ability
to produce
large amounts
of
electricity
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How does
tidal
energy
benefit the environment?
No
fuel
costs and no
pollution
/greenhouse gases produced
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How do
tidal
barrages
impact marine habitats and animals?
They
change
marine habitats and can
harm
animals.
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What risks do
tidal
barrages
pose for boats?
They
restrict access
and can be
dangerous
for boats.
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What are the cost-related disadvantages of tidal barrages?
They are
expensive
to build and maintain, and the supply
cannot
be controlled.
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