Chemistry Topic 3

• How do you calculate concentration (g/dm^3)?

  Mass of solute in g / volume of solvent in dm^3
• How do you calculate concentration (mol/dm^3)?

  amount of solute in mol / volume of of solution in dm^3
• What is 1ml equal to?

  1cm^3
• What is 1l equal to?

  1dm^3= 1000cm^3
• How do you convert cm^3 to dm^3?

  divide by 1000
• How do you convert dm^3 to cm^3?

  multiply by 1000
• What do chemists measure volume in?

  cm^3 and dm^3
• What does a dilute solution have?

  a small amount of solute particles in a given volume of solvent
• What does a concentrated solution have?

  a large amount of solute particles in a given volume of solvent
• What is the formula for hydrochloric acid? (acid)

  HCl
• What is the formula for Magnesium hydroxide? (alkali)

  Mg(OH)2
• What is the formula for Nitric acid? (acid)

  HNO3
• What is the formula for Phosphoric acid? (acid)

  H3PO4
• What is the formula for Ammonium hydroxide? (alkali)

  NH4OH
• What is the formula for Sodium hydroxide? (alkali)


  NaOH
• What is the formula for Potassium hydroxide? (alkali)

  KOH
• What is the formula for sulphuric acid? (acid)

  H2SO4
• What are the properties of acids?

  taste sour, have a PH less than 7, neutralise bases and alkalis, corrosive, turn blue litmus paper red, react with metals and metal compounds to form salts (ionic compounds)
• What are the properties of alkalis?

  taste bitter and feel slippery, have a pH greater than 7, neutralise acids, corrosive, turn red litmus paper blue, react with acids to form salts and water and co2 if its a metal carbonate
• What is an alkali?

  A base that dissolves in water (soluble)
• What makes a substance acidic?

  if it releases hydrogen ions (H+) in water
• What do alkalis release in water?

  hydroxide ions (OH-)
• What is the ionic equation for neutralisation?

  H+(aq) + OH-(aq) --> H2O(l)
• What is the ph of a neutral solution?

  7
• What do acids and metals make?

  acids (aq) + metals (s) --> salt (aq) + hydrogen (g)
• What do acids and metal hydroxides make?

  acids (aq) + metal hydroxide (aq) --> salt (aq) + water (l)
• What do acids and metal oxides make?


  acids (aq) + metal oxide (s) --> salt (aq) + water (l)
• What do acids and metal carbonates make?

  acids (aq) + metal carbonates (s) --> salt (aq) + water (l) + carbon dioxide (g)
• what does the law of conservation of mass mean?

  no atoms are created or destroyed so in a chemical reaction the mass of the products will be equal to the mass of the reactants
• sulphuric acid formula

  H2SO4
• what are positive ions called

  cations
• what are negative ions called?

  anions
• hydrogen

  H+
• sodium

  Na+
• silver

  Ag+
• potassium

  K+
• lithium

  Li+
• ammonium

  NH4+
• barium

  Ba2+
• calcium

  Ca2+