Hormones

• Hormones


  Chemical substances secreted by endocrine glands that pass into the blood and are carried throughout the body
• Endocrine system


  • Consists of a network of endocrine glands distributed throughout the body
  • Secretes hormones that bind to receptors on target cells and alter their activity
• Endocrine glands


  • Pancreas
  • Ovaries
  • Testes
  • Adrenal glands
• Insulin


  Hormone secreted by the pancreas that helps regulate blood sugar
• Estrogen


  Female sex hormone secreted by the ovaries
• Testosterone


  Male sex hormone secreted by the testes
• Adrenaline


  Hormone secreted by the adrenal glands in fight-or-flight situations
• Glucagon


  Hormone secreted by the pancreas
• Effect of adrenaline


  1. Increases heart rate

  2. Increases breathing rate and force

  3. Dilates pupils
• Adrenaline is secreted


  Liver breaks down glycogen into glucose for energy production
• Adrenaline is secreted


  Heart beats more rapidly to transport glucose and oxygen to working muscles