A disease symptom that causes a person to lose the ability to move their muscles on their own
Alzheimer's disease
A progressive disorder that causes brain cells to waste away (degenerate) and die
Aphasia
A disorder that results from damage to portions of the brain that are responsible for language
Ataxia
A lack of muscle coordination that may affect a person's speech, eye movements, and ability to swallow, walk, and pick up objects, among other voluntary movements
Bell's palsy
A condition that causes a temporary weakness or paralysis of the muscles in the face
Cerebral palsy
A group of disorders that affect movement and muscle tone or posture, caused by damage that occurs to the immature brain as it develops, most often before birth
CVA
Stroke; blood flow to a part of your brain is stopped either by a blockage or the rupture of a blood vessel
Coma
A prolonged state of unconsciousness where the person is alive and looks like they are sleeping, but cannot be awakened by any stimulation
Dementia
A continuous decline in thinking, behavioral and social skills that disrupts a person's ability to function independently
Dyslexia
A learning disorder that involves difficulty reading due to problems identifying speech sounds and learning how they relate to letters and words (decoding)
Encephalitis
The majority of cases are caused by either a viral infection or the immune system mistakenly attacking brain tissue
Epilepsy
A chronic disorder that causes unprovoked, recurrent seizures
Glioma
Group of tumors that arise from the glial cells in the brain, usually happening in the cerebral hemispheres
Grand mal
Generalized tonic-clonic seizures, involving muscle contractions, muscle rigidity, and loss of consciousness, resulting from abnormal electrical activity in the brain
Hemiparesis or Hemiplegia
Weakness or the inability to move on one side of the body, one-sided weakness in your arms, hands, face, chest, legs or feet
Huntington's chorea
A fatal genetic disorder that causes the progressive breakdown of nerve cells in the brain, deteriorating a person's physical and mental abilities usually during their prime working years and has no cure
Lou Gehrig's disease/ALS
A progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and the spinal cord, usually affecting the motor neurons that provide voluntary movements and muscle control
Meningitis
A bacterial or viral infection of the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord that usually causes swelling
Multiple sclerosis (MS)
An unpredictable disease of the central nervous system that disrupts the flow of information within the brain, and between the brain and body
Myasthenia gravis
Characterized by weakness and rapid fatigue of any of the muscles under your voluntary control, caused by a breakdown in the normal communication between nerves and muscles
Narcolepsy
A neurological disorder that affects your ability to wake and sleep, causing excessive, uncontrollable daytime sleepiness and sudden sleep episodes
Neuralgia
Severe, shooting pain that occurs due to a damaged or irritated nerve, affecting any part of the body
Neuritis
Many causes, including various viruses and local irritation of a nerve by adjacent tissues
Neuroblastoma
A type of cancer that forms in nerve cells called neuroblasts, which normally turn into working nerve cells
Neuroma
A benign growth of nerve tissue frequently found between the third and fourth toes, also known as a "pinched nerve" or nerve tumor
Paraplegia
A spinal cord injury that paralyses the lower limbs, resulting from severe damage to the spinal cord and nervous system
Paresthesia
Prickling, burning, tingling, numb, itching, or "skin crawling" feeling, caused by pressure on a nerve
Parkinson's disease
A brain disorder that leads to shaking, stiffness, and difficulty with walking, balance, and coordination
Petit mal/absence seizures
Forms of generalized seizures causing a temporary loss of consciousness, brief (usually <15 seconds) and barely noticeable
Poliomyelitis
A highly infectious viral disease that mainly affects young children, transmitted person-to-person or by a common vehicle, and can cause paralysis
Quadriplegia
Paralysis caused by illness or injury that results in the partial or total loss of use of all four limbs and torso
Sciatica
A common type of pain affecting the sciatic nerve
Shingles
Reactivation of a viral infection in the nerves to the skin that causes pain, burning, tingling, itch, and blisters, caused by the varicella zoster virus
Somnambulism
Sleepwalking; a behavior disorder that originates during deep sleep and results in walking or performing other complex behaviors while asleep
Stupor
A serious mental state where people don't respond to normal conversation, only to physical stimulation like a sternal rub
Syncope
Passing out, usually related to insufficient blood flow to the brain, also called fainting