Health and social unit 1

• Growth


  An increase in some part of an individual that can be measured eg height and weight
• development


  The complex changes including increase in skills abilities and capabilities
• Age range of birth and infancy life stage

  0-2 years
• Age range of early childhood life stage

  3-8 years
• age range of adolescence

  9-18 years
• Age range of Early adulthood ?

  19-45 years old
• Age range of middle adulthood

  45-65 years old
• Age range of later adulthood

  65+
• What gross motor skills can a new born do

  Primitive reflexes
• What gross motor skills can a 1 month old do

  Lifts up chin, some control of head
• What fine motor skills can a 6 month old do

  Move objects from one hand to another

  Picks up dropped toys if they're in sight
• What gross motor skills can a 15 month old do


  Walk without help
• What gross motor skills can a 2 year old do

  Kick a ball
• What fine motor skills can a 2-3 year old do

  Build a tower of bricks
• What gross motor skills can a 2-3 year old do


  Stand on toes, can ride a tricycle
• What are skills and abilities


  Gross and fine motor skills

  Thinking and language skills

  Social roles and expectations
• What are gross motor skills?

  Using the larger muscles eg legs and arms
• What are fine motor skills?

  Precise use of muscles eg hands and fingers
• What is adolescence?


  Life stage where the body develops into being an adult, the stage where puberty occurs
• What is puberty?


  The change in growth and development triggered by hormones in the pituitary gland
• What are hormones?


  Chemical signals in the blood
• What are primary sexual characteristics ?


  Sexual characteristics present at birth but develop during puberty eg penis
• What are secondary sexual characteristics?


  Things that develop during puberty eg Pubic hair
• What does oestrogen and progesterone do?


  Stimulates growth of: growth spurt, breasts, reproductive system, helps regulate the menstral cycle
• What does testosterone do?


  Stimulates the growth of: grown spurt, penis and testes, pubic hair growth , development of muscle, lowering of voice
• What age does puberty usually start in BOYS?

  Between 13-15 years old
• What age does puberty usually start in GIRLS?

  11-13 years but can be earlier
• female primary sex characteristics


  Uterus enlargers and vagina lengthens

  Ovaries begin to release eggs

  Menstrual cycle begins
• male primary sex characteristics


  Enlargement of penis and testes

  Spontaneous erections

  Testicles begin to produce sperm

  Beginning Of ejaculations
• female secondary sex characteristics


  Breasts develop,

  hair grows in armpits and pubic area

  Redistribution of body fat causing hips to widen
• male secondary sex characteristics


  Changes in larynx causes voice to deepen

  Hair grows on face, armpits and pubic area

  Redistribution of muscle tissue and fat
• What is maturation?


  Individuals reach their physical maturity in early adulthood
• What age do people reach their physical peak

  19-28 years
• What is menopause?


  The ending of female fertility, periods stopping and reduction in the production of female sexual hormones
• What is perimenopause?


  stage immediately before menopause where physical changes begin to occur
• What are some symptoms of perimenopause


  Hot flushes

  Night sweats

  Vaginal dryness

  Sleep disturbance

  Mood symptoms
• What is the ageing process


  The natural deterioration of the body
• What are some physical changes in the elderly?


  Less elasticity in skin

  Loss of muscles

  Loss of stamina

  Decline in strength
• What is middle aged spread?

  The common issue of putting on weight as you age as people are less active
• What is intellectual development?


  Developing ways of thinking and learning