3.1 - Land-Based Empires Expand

• These land-based Empires were expanding in the time period 1450 to 1750
• Land-based Empires


  • Their power came from the extent of their territorial Holdings
  • Contrasted with sea-based Empires whose power came from the sea
• Gunpowder Empires


  • Main cause of expansion was their militaristic use of gunpowder weapons
• The empires that adopted gunpowder weapons came out on top
• The equivalent of gunpowder in AP World History is the Himler review guide, which has exclusive unit review videos, note guides, practice questions, and practice exams
• Ottoman Empire


  Most significant Islamic empire during this period, founded in the 14th century after the Mongol Empire declined, expanded rapidly by controlling the Dardanelles and developing gunpowder weapons, sacked Constantinople in 1453
• Safavid Empire


  Established in the early 1500s, declared itself a Shia Muslim state, causing conflict with neighboring Sunni Muslim empires like the Mughals and Ottomans, expanded military under Shah Abbas
• Mughal Empire


  Replaced the Delhi Sultanate in the 16th century, expanded under Babur and Akbar who were tolerant of religious beliefs, became the most prosperous empire of the 16th century
• Qing Dynasty


  Established by the Manchu people in 1636, took advantage of the declining Ming Dynasty to conquer all former Ming territory, not ethnically Han Chinese like the majority of China's population
• Conflicts between the land-based Empires


  Mainly due to conflicting religious beliefs and political goals, examples include the Safavid-Mughal conflict and the Songhay-Moroccan conflict