Cavite Mutiny

• Fr. Mariano Gomes - the first Filipino priest to be ordained in the Philippines
• Fr. Mariano Gomes - was born in Sta. Cruz Manila on August 2, 1799 to parents Don Alejandro Francisco Gomez and Dona Martina Custodio.
• Fr. Mariano Gomes: After studying at San Jose de Letran he proceed to take up theology at the University of Sto. Tomas.
• June 2, 1824, Fr. Mariano Gomes was designated to be the head priest of Bacoor, Cavite
• Fr. Mariano Gomes: Aside from taking care of the town's church spiritual needs, he also taught the townsfolks agriculture and cottage industry.
• Fr. Mariano Gomes fought for the Filipino priest's rights against the Spanish friars.
• Fr. Jacinto Zamora - was bon on Pandacan, Manila, on August 14, 1835. His parents were former Capitan of Pandacan, Don Venancio Zamora and Dona Hilaria Del-Rosario
• Fr. Jacinto Zamora - He continued his study at the University of Sto. Tomas graduating on March 6, 1858, with the degree of Bachelor of Canon and Civil Laws
• Fr. Jacinto Zamora was appointed like Jose Burgos and Gomez as members of the Committee on Reforms and Seculares group
• Fr. Jacinto Zamora - He worked for the secularization of the Filipino clergy and fought for their rights.
• Fr. Jose Burgos - He was born in Vigan, Ilocos Sur on February 9, 1837. His father, Don Jose Tiburcio Burgos, a Spaniard, was an officer of the army. His mother, Florencia Garcia, was a Spanish-Filipina mestiza noted for her beauty and intelligence
• Fr. Jose Burgos - He finished his master's degree, Licenciados en Teologia on February 21, 1862 and his Bachieller en Canones on February 8, 1866.
• Fr. Jose Burgos - He continued his studies and obtained a Doctor en Teologia on April 14, 1868, and a Licenciado en Canones on October 29, 1868. He went studying until he obtained the Doctor en Canones degree on April, 1871.
• Cavite Mutiny - all started before January 20, 1872. When Gov. Gen. Camillo Ma. De la Torre was replaced by Gov. Gen. Rafael De Izquierdo.
• GOMBURZA


  An acronym referring to the Filipino priests Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora, who were charged with conspiracy against Spain. They were prominent figures in the secularization movement and were executed on February 17, 1872, in Bagumbayan.
• GomBurZa who were advocating for secularization of the clergy, were not the real instigators but Maximo Inocencio, Crisanto de los Reyes, and Enrique Paraiso.
• CAVITE MUTINY - was believed to be a precursor to a national uprising. The mutiny was quickly crushed.
• Fort San Felipe - the Spanish arsenal in Cavite, 200 Filipino troops and workers

  from it joined the Cavite Mutiny
• Sgt. Fernando La Madrid – led the mutiny, along with his men, killed the Spanish officer
• D. Fernando Rojas - military governor of Cavite, dispatched two Spaniards to inform the Manila authorities about the uprising. did not take it seriously, that’s why according to some historians, the Cavite mutiny started.
• 71 sentenced to execution – by the Council of War in final assault.
• GOMBURZA -- Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora - they were charged with the conspiracy against Spain. These priests were prominent figures in the secularization movement, which sought to transfer Church power from the Spanish friars to native Filipino clergy. They were arrested despite of lack of involvement.
• Execution of GOMBURZA - served to promote the nationalist cause. The event is considered a spark that eventually led to the full scale Philippine Revolution of 1896
• February 6, 1872 - military court sentenced 11 mutineers to death but Rafael de Izquierdo decided to commute their death sentences to life imprisonment. Reason behind Izquierdo’s decision: in commute the sentences is due to lack of evidence against them
• Jose Montero y Vidal: “The abolition of preveilges enjoyed by the laborers of the Cavite arsenal of the exemption from the tribute was, according to me, the cause if the insurrection. There were, however other causes.
• Gov. Gen. Rafael Izquierdo - “…It seems definite that the insurrection was motivated and prepared by the native clergy, by the mestizos and native lawyers, and by those known here as abogadillos….
• Gov. Gen. Rafael Izquierdo - they would place at the of the head of the government a priest… that the head selected would be D. Burgos, or D. Jacinto Zamora
• T.H. Pardo de Tavera - “This uprising among the soldiers in Cavite was used as a powerful level by the Spanish residents and by the friars…the Central Government in Madrid had announced its intention to deprive th friars in the islands the powers of intervention in maytyer ofc civil government and of the direction and management of yhe univetsoty…. it was due ti these facts and promiense that the Filipinos had great hopes of an improvement in the affairs of their country, while the friars, on the other hand feared that tehir power in the colony would soon be complete at thing of the past.
• Edmund Plauchut - “General La Torre…created a junta composed of high officials…At the same time there was created by the

  government in Madrid a committee to invesigate the same problems submitted to the Manila committee.

  When the two finished work, it was found that they came to the same conclusions
• Cause of the 1872 Cavite Mutiny

  Jose Montero y Vidal - The Spanish authorities abolished the privilege that exempts the laborers of the Cavite arsenal from paying tributes. The birth of the liberalization ideas and paraphernalia in the oppressed Filipino society. The powerful support of the native clergy against the enemy of the mother country (Spaniards).
• Cause of the 1872 Cavite Mutiny

  Rafael Izquierdo - The motivation of the instigators such as the native clergy, mestizos, native lawyers. The protest against Spanish practice of not paying provinces for their tobacco crop. The usurpation practiced by the Finance department, mostly in documents, among the crop owners who sell their products a loss. The instigators, who want to grab power, encouraged the workers in the Cavite arsenal to stage a rebellion by protesting the injustice they were experiencing.
• Cause of the 1872 Cavite Mutiny

  Trinidad Hermenegildo Pardo de Tavera - The dissatisfaction of Filipinos from the “draconian policies” of Governor Rafael Izquierdo. The prohibition of the Spanish authorities in the plan of Filipinos to establish a school for arts and trades.
• Cause of the 1872 Cavite Mutiny

  Edmund Plauchut - General Izquierdo blocked the realization of the reforms suggested by the junta created by General La Torre like the opening of the Society of Arts and Trades, supposed to limit the growth of liberal teachings among Filipinos, in 1871. The mandatory service of Filipinos on the public road construction and paying of taxes every year, as well as in injustice that the workers in the Cavite arsenal experienced.
• Jose Montero y Vidal & Gov. Gen. Rafael Izquierdo


  They believed that the conspiracy was placed in order to eradicate high-ranking Spanish officials and the massacre of the friars.
• Jose Montero y Vidal‟s account


  considered as the fullest account of the mutiny was hostile to the Filipino reformist aspiration. He did not doubt the guilt of those exiled an executed, and placed the blame so much on Gov. General Carlos Maria de la Torre‟s “tolerance” towards Filipinos from 1869-1971
• Pardo de Tavera‟s account


  provided that Filipinos had not realized yet the idea of liberation from Spanish rule when the mutiny was staged. Some only wanted relief from the exploitive policies of Izquierdo such as the abolition of their privileges.
• Edmund Plauchut‟s account 


  was considered as the Filipino version of the mutiny after being translated into Spanish and published in La Solidaridad and other materials. Though an eyewitness account which collaborated with Montero‟s his work posed problems as it contained numerous melodramatic details
• the workers in the Cavite Arsenal as well as the native armies were disappointed when their privileges were abolished by Gov. General Izquierdo
• Gov. Gen. Izquierdo‟s strict and rigid policies made Filipinos to turn away from the Spanish government
• the Central Government in Madrid failed to conduct a thorough investigation of why the mutiny had really transpired