4th

• Vocal Music - type of music performed by one or more singers without an instrumental accompaniment (acapella)
• Vocal Music of Romantic Period - best tools for expressing one’s feelings
• Art Song – short composition for solo voice (Sol Fa Syllables) - mostly accompanied by the piano
• Opera - singers and musicians perform a dramatic work, containing text and musical score, usually in a theatrical setting
• Opera Houses - place where all the arts joined, not only music, but poetry, painting, architecture and the dance as well
• Libretto - text of an opera
• Librettist - writer and storyteller
• Score - book that the composer and librettist put together
• Recitative - declamatory singing, used in the dialogue part of the opera
• Aria - air or solo singing part sung by a major character
• Theater – place of seeing; more than the buildings where performance take place
• Playwright – writes the scripts
• Director – rehearses the performers
• Designer and Technical Crew – produce props to create the scenes
• Actors and Actresses – perform on stage (performers)
• Greek Theater - European theater began in Ancient Greece. It began around 700 B.C with festivals honoring their many gods. The citystate of Athens was the center of a significant cultural, political, and military power during this period, where the festivals and competitions were usually performed.
• Sophocles “Always desire to learn something useful”
• Euripides “Experience travel- these are as education in themselves”
• Aeschylus “Memory is the mother of all wisdom”
• Tragedy – “tragos” or “goat” and (ode) meaning “song”; most admired type of play; based on their myths and ancient heroes; focused on moral issues, especially on the danger or arrogance, or hubris in Greek
• Comedy - plays were derived from imitations; there were no traces of their origin. Aristophanes wrote most of the comedy plays. Out of these 11 plays, “Lysistrata” survived, a humorous tale about a strong woman who led a female coalition to end war in Greece
• Satyr -play contains comic elements to lighten the overall or a serious play with happy ending; short, lighthearted tailpiece performed after each trilogy of tragedies; an ancient Greek form of tragic comedy.
• Recreation - an activity that is intended for relaxation and enjoyment purposes; relax and enjoy
• Active Recreation - different physical tasks which you need to directly participate in and are required to accomplish the given tasks
• Passive Recreation - activities that do not require much physical movement and only require minimal energy expenditure; limited movement
• Socializing Motive - a motive of recreation for gathering with other people
• Associative Motive - motive of recreation for collective interest
• Competitive Motive - it test the limit of the participant which could be his/her limitation or competitive against the environment
• Exploratory Motive - involves a level of exploration
• CHESS - a tactical board game that is played by two opposing players on a checkered board with specific rules and uses 16 game pieces to put the opposing player’s king under “check” where there is no square for it to move
• The King - most significant chess piece, but it is also the weakest; can move to any adjacent squares that are not under attack by a challenger
• The Queen - most powerful chess piece, and it can move in any place vertically, horizontally, and diagonally
• The Rook - can move in rank and file, meaning vertically and horizontally if no chess piece is blocking its way going to the desire position
• The Bishop - a chess piece that moves diagonally depending on the color where it is placed on the board.
• The Knight - Its move is composed of two different steps; = It takes one step along its rank or file = It moves two squares forward, sideward, or backward = Then a turn of one square to the left or right;
• The Pawn - moves only one step forward except for the first move if the player decides to move two adjacent squares forward
• Intentional Injuries - actions done intentionally; injuries resulting from intended human activities; includes self-inflicted and interpersonal acts of violence; can cause harm Unintentional Injuries – accidents
• Self-Inflicted – when a person harms himself/herself on purpose
• Assault – when a person/persons harm others on purpose
• Suicide – (a person who has the ability to kill themselves) - intentionally taking one’s own life; act of directly killing oneself due to severe depression or anxiety