Scrooge is an outsider, due to his self-inflicted loneliness. He ostracised himself from society
"Secret and self contained and solitary as an oyster"
> sibilance- similar to a snake. suggests something sinister
+ Biblical allusion- Adam and Eve, isolation is deadly
> Semantic field+ Polysyndetic listing - understands what kind of person scrooge is, doubts ability to redemption
"decrease the surplus population"
> Highlights callous disregard
> "Surplus" connotations of excess- dehumanises them to mere statistics
> Irony- rather than offer support, his solution is to let them die