ICT Final

• Cell: The basic unit in a spreadsheet where you can enter data. It's identified by a unique combination of a column letter and a row numbe
• Cell Reference: A way to identify a specific cell in a spreadsheet. It's typically denoted by the column letter followed by the row number (e.g., A1, B2).
• Worksheet: A single page/tab within a spreadsheet file where you can organize and manipulate data. Spreadsheets often consist of multiple worksheets.
• Ribbon: The toolbar at the top of the spreadsheet software interface that contains various commands and tools for working with the spreadsheet, such as formatting options, formulas, and data manipulation tools.
• Formula Bar: A bar typically located just below the ribbon where you can view and edit the contents of a selected cell. It's where you enter formulas or edit the data in a cell.
• Sum: Adds up a range of numbers. For example, to sum the numbers in cells A1 to A5, you would write "=SUM(A1:A5)".
• Min: Finds the smallest value in a range of cells. To find the smallest value in cells A1 to A5, you would write "=MIN(A1:A5)".
• Max: Finds the largest value in a range of cells. To find the largest value in cells A1 to A5, you would write "=MAX(A1:A5)".
• Average: Calculates the average (mean) of a range of numbers. For example, to find the average of the numbers in cells A1 to A5, you would write "=AVERAGE(A1:A5)".
• CountA: Counts the number of non-empty cells in a range. For example, to count the non-empty cells in cells A1 to A5, you would write "=COUNTA(A1:A5)".
• 1. Count: Counts the number of numeric values in a range. For example, to count the numeric values in cells A1 to A5, you would write "=COUNT(A1:A5)".
• The IF function in spreadsheets allows you to test a condition and return one value if the condition is true, and another value if the condition is false.

  Here's a basic structure:

  =IF(condition, value_if_true, value_if_false)

  For example, if you want to check if a cell A1 is greater than 10, and if true, display "Yes", otherwise display "No", you would write:

  =IF(A1>10, "Yes", "No")

  If the value in cell A1 is indeed greater than 10, it will display "Yes", otherwise "No".
• Functions are predefined operations that perform specific calculations or tasks, like SUM or AVERAGE. They are built-in features of spreadsheet software.

  Formulas are combinations of operators, cell references, and functions used to perform calculations in a spreadsheet. They can utilize functions, constants, and cell references to produce results. Essentially, functions are a type of formula—they're specific operations you can perform within a formula.
• 1. Addition: Use the plus sign (+) to add numbers together.
  2. Subtraction: Use the minus sign (-) to subtract one number from another.
  3. Multiplication: Use the asterisk () to multiply numbers together. For example, to multiply the numbers in cells A1 and B1, you would write "=A1B1".
  4. Division: Use the forward slash (/) to divide one number by another. For example, to divide the number in cell A1 by the number in cell B1, you would write "=A1/B1".
• To format a spreadsheet for your audience:

  1. Clear Titles: Ensure titles are descriptive.
  2. Colour: Use colours to highlight.
  3. Font: Keep it readable.
  4. Borders: Use for separation.
  5. Alignment: Align text properly.
  6. Consistency: Keep formatting the same.
  7. Charts: Use for visualisation.
• To create a suitable column chart:

  1. Column Chart:

  - Select data range.

  - Insert > Chart > Column Chart.

  - To edit: Right-click > Edit data.

  - To add/edit labels: Click on chart elements > Chart Elements icon > Data Labels.

  - To edit axis labels: Click on axis labels > Edit.

  - To change colours: Click on data series > Format Data Series > Fill & Line > Colour.

  - To add legend: Click on chart > Chart Elements icon > Legend.
• To create a suitable pie chart:

  Pie Chart:

  - Select data range.

  - Insert > Chart > Pie Chart.

  - To edit: Right-click > Edit data.

  - To add/edit labels: Click on chart elements > Chart Elements icon > Data Labels.

  - To change colors: Click on data series > Format Data Series > Fill & Line > Color.

  - To add legend: Click on chart > Chart Elements icon > Legend.
• To display the formula view in spreadsheet software like Excel:

  Formula View:

  - In Excel, you can toggle to the formula view by pressing "Ctrl + `". This shortcut key shows formulas instead of values in the cells. You can also go to the Formulas tab on the ribbon and click on "Show Formulas".
• To display the data view in spreadsheet software like Excel:

  Data View:

  - In Excel, there isn't a specific "data view" mode. However, you can view your data in a table format by selecting your data range and going to the "Insert" tab on the ribbon, then click on "Table". This will display your data in a structured table format, which some users may refer to as a "data view".
• To print as a PDF file:

  1.Open the document you want to print.

  2. Go to the "File" menu located typically in the top-left corner.

  3. Click on "File."

  4. Choose "Print."

  5. In the printer selection section, look for an option labeled as a PDF printer, such as "Microsoft Print to PDF" or "Save as PDF."

  6. Select the PDF printer option.

  7. Proceed with printing by clicking on the "Print" or "Save" button, depending on the application.

  8. Choose a location on your computer to save the PDF file when prompted.

  9. Click "Save."