England

• 1558


  Mary Tudor died
• 1567 Hawkins and Drake 


  took shelter in Mexico but spanish troops were also there leading to a battle killing 325 men
• 1580s Drake 


  pillaged spanish colonies in the new world
• seizure of English merchant ships in spanish ports

  1585
• 1585 


  treaty of nonsuch involving England in the spanish/ Netherlands conflict
• drake harassed Philip by...

  attacking spanish ships, damaged defences on the coast, raiding spanish ships from the new world
• England gave the netherlands

  £126,000 and 6,000 troops
• 1586 who died 


  Granvelle
• Mary queen of Scots executed 


  1587
• Drakes attacks in 1587

  destroyed 20 ships, captured sagres castle, destroyed 47 cargo vessels and stole new world jewels
• how many of Cruz' men had fallen ill in 1587


  1400
• Santa Cruz died 


  1588
• The Spanish Armada 


  1588

  130 ships and 30,000 men

  commanded by Duke Medina Sidonia

  barrels leaked air making all food rotten

  took 2 days to load the troops from the Netherlands on boats
• battle of gravelines 


  1588

  the English used fireships and scared the spanish to cut their anchors off at Cadiz

  trapped in a storm and scattered around England and Scotland
• elizabethan propaganda 


  'god blew and they were scattered'
• two more armadas launched in

  1596 and 1597