global

• Mumbai reasons for growth

  • Mumbai’s port sees 20% of India’s foreign trade.
  • New oil, textiles and heavy machinery jobs have attracted migrants from all over India, who have left agricultural jobs in more rural areas to work in better paid industrial jobs.
  • Growth as a financial centre, as India’s NSE (National Stock Exchange) is located there.
• Mumbai reasons for growth

  • Home of Bollywood movie industry which employs over 200,000 people.
  • Mumbai’s airport sees over 50 million national and international passengers a year and is India’s second busiest cargo airport.
  • It is the 7th biggest city in the world, with a population of over 20 million.
• mumbai ways of life

  • Mumbai has the highest number of millionaires and billionaires in India due to the economic boom that started in the 1990s.
  • Half of Mumbai’s population live in extreme poverty, with many living in one of the biggest slums in the world –dharavi.
  • Many migrants work in informal jobs such as soap making, plastic collecting and street selling.
  • Around 2/3 of Mumbai’s population are Hindu, with some districts having a large Muslim population.
• current urban challenges in Mumbai

  • Reducing poverty (reducing the rich-poor divide) Poorly educated migrants fail to get well-paid jobs and find themselves in a cycle of deprivation – forced to live in slums where only 24% have access to safe drinking water. Improving access to education will allow them to break out of this cycle and work in formal employment
• current urban challenges in Mumbai

  Poor housing

  • Dharavi is home to 1.2 million people and is one of the most densely populated places on Earth with 277,136 people per km2.
  • To improve living conditions, the ‘Mumbai Vision’ plan will build 1.1 million low cost homes and improve healthcare and water quality across the city.
• global cities are connected through

  • transport hub
  • Global cities are well connected with other countries airports and ports that transport people and goods all over the world. Some cities, such as Amsterdam, are important transport hubs that connect flights to other cities.
• global cities are connected through

  • transport hubs
  • governance
  • finance and trade
  • television and media
  • culture
  • communications
• communications

  • cities have ultra fast 4-5g
  • exchange information quickly between country’s
• culture

  • attract people from all over the world
  • multicultural population
  • 15% of cardiff population is multicultural
• tv and media

  • bollywood has an audience of over 1 billion
  • mumbai is the home of it
• most global cities are home to financial companies and banking
• international organisations are often in global cities like united nations in new york. they employ people from all over the globe

  some cities are headquarters for MNC
• global patterns of urbanisation

  • About 55% of the world’s population now live in urban areas; that’s over 3.5 billion people, and this increases every day.
  • Most HIC populations live in towns and cities. 84% of the UK’s population is urban.
  • In many LICs, most people live in rural areas. For example, in Egypt 43% of people live in urban areas.
  • Rapid urbanisation has seen the formation of mega cities (cities with over 10 million people living in them) such as Tokyo, Delhi and Shanghai. Most of these are in Asia.
• Distribution of global cities over space

  • Places around the world are becoming more connected than ever.
  • Some cities have become key globally connected cities or global cities. They are distributed across the world, but not evenly.
  • Africa has the fewest global cities whilst Asia, North America and Europe have the most.
• how has the pattern of urbanisation changed overtime

  • In 1900, Europe contained half of the worlds urban population and more than half of its 100 largest cities.
  • In 2000, half of the 100 largest cities were in Asia, mainly in India and China.
  • By 2020, only 6 European cities made the top 100 list.
  • The rate of growth of urbanisation is highest in the NICs of Asia, which is expected to have 64% of its population classed as urban by 2050.