Overview

• What was the Cold War?

  A period of geopolitical tension between the USSR and its satellite states and the US and its allies
• What is Communism?


  A theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state.
• What is Capitalism?


  an economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.
• When was the communist revolution?

  1917-18
• What was the Communist Revolution?

  A political revolution in Russia also know as the Bolshevik Revolution.

  Russia withdrew from WW1
• When was the Russian Civil War?

  1918-1921
• What was the Russian Civil War?

  Conflict between Bolshevik Revolutionaries, (Reds) and those loyal to the Czar (Whites).
• When did the British try to intervene in the Russian revolution?

  1918-1922
• How did the British intervene in the Russian revolution?

  During the Civil War in Russia, the British tried to intervene but were unsuccessful. Increased fears of Communism spreading
• When was the Polish-Russian War?

  1920
• What were the outcomes of the Polish-Russian War?

  Poland isolates Russia geographically and Russia want to reclaim it
• What was soviet foreign policy like 1917-1939?

  - as Communists, wanted a worldwide revolution like Marx predicted

  - but as Soviets, wanted security by winning the support of other countries

  - by pursuing both goals they got a contradictory and unsuccessful foreign policy
• When were Anglo-French negotiations with the USSR?

  1939
• What were the Anglo-French negotiations with the USSR?

  - Germany invades Czechoslovakia.

  - B+F open negotiations with Stalin

  - No agreement made - tension caused by conflicting values
• When was the Nazi-Soviet Pact?


  1939
• What was the Nazi-Soviet Pact?

  - Nonaggression pact

  - Agree to split land between them

  - Germany still ssees USSR as a threat
• When did Germany invade Poland?


  September 1939
• When did Britain and France declare war on Germany?


  September 1939
• When did Stalin expend his territory?

  1939-41
• Where did Stalin invade 1639-41?

  Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania
• When was Operation Barbarossa?

  June 1941
• What was Operation Barbarossa?

  Codename for Nazi Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II.
• When did Japan attack Pearl Harbor?

  December 1941
• What was the impact of the attack on pearl harbour?


  Brought the US into WWII
• What was the Grand Alliance?

  the alliance between the United Kingdom, United States, and the Soviet Union against Nazi Germany during World War II
• When was the Tehran Conference?

  November 1943
• Who attended the Tehran Conference?

  Roosevelt, Stalin and Churchill.

  
  

  - The three discussed issues concerning the fate of Eastern Europe and Germany in the postwar period

  - Set up the UN
• What was discussed at the Tehran Conference?

  The three discussed issues concerning the fate of Eastern Europe and Germany in the postwar period
• What were the outcomes of the Tehran conference?

  - the USA and Britain would invade France by May 1944

  - the USSR would join the USA and Britain in the war against Japan, once Nazi Germany was defeated

  - paved the was for the establishment of the UN
• When was the Yalta Conference?

  February 1945
• Who attended the Yalta Conference?

  Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin
• What were the outcomes of the Yalta Conference?

  - Russia agreed to declare war on Japan. - Agreed Germany would be divided and de-militarised

  - Declaration on Liberated Europe

  - Stalin would have a sphere of influence over Eastern Europe

  - USSR would be allowed to take reparations from Germany
• When was the Potsdam Conference?

  July 1945
• Who attended the Potsdam Conference?

  Truman, Churchill, Stalin
• What were the outcomes of the Potsdam Conference?

  - set up zones of control, economy would remain united

  - Soviets would receive reparations from the Soviet zones and small amounts from western zones

  - UN established

  - No sign of Stalin allowing free elections in EE - a communist government was being set up in Poland
• How was West Europe liberated?

  - Mussolini removed from Italy

  - Allies in France, Denmark and the Low Countries were seen as liberators

  - Britain supported the royalists in Greece to prevent a communist state

  - Aid given to German citizens
• How was Eastern Europe liberated?


  - Soviet forces inflicted retribution on Germany

  - Deportation of prisoners for work in the USSR and forced removal of ethnic Germans from annexed territories

  - the pre-1918 Russian territories along with the Baltic States and eastern Poland were restored to Russian control and opposition was suppressed.

  - annexation of territory in Poland, Finland, the Baltic states, Germany, Czechoslovakia and Romania.
• When were Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombed?


  1945
• Why did the Grand Alliance break down?

  - Marshall Plan

  - Truman Doctrine

  - 'Papering over the cracks' at Potsdam

  - Germany- lack of agreement on reparations, reconstruction

  - British economic weakness in eastern Mediterranean and Germany

  - Polish Question
• When was Churchill's Iron Curtain speech?

  March 1946