7.2

• These are sine wave vibrations that only exists in laboratories and sound recording studios.

  Pure Tones
• Mathematical procedure for breaking down complex waves into their component sine waves.

  Fourier Analysis
• A number that divides another number

  Divisor
• An extremely important characteristic of pitch perception is the fact that the pitch of a complex sound may not be directly related to the frequency of any of the sound’s components.
• The pitch of a complex sound may not be directly related to the frequency of any of the sound’s components. This important aspect of pitch perception is referred to as the missing fundamental.
• The travel of sound waves in order:

  Outer Ear, Auditory Canal, Tympanic membrane, ossicles, oval window, organ of corti in the cochlea, in the organ of cochlea goes to the hair cells, to the auditory nerve
• The eardrum

  Tympanic Membrane
• three ossicles of the ears

  Malleus, Incus, Stapes
• A long, coiled tube with an internal structure running almost to its tip.

  Cochlea
• The auditory receptors, the hair cells, are mounted here.

  basilar membrane
• Rests on the hair cells.

  Tectorial Membrane
• The cochlea is remarkably sensitive. Humans can hear differences in pure tones that differ in frequency by only 0.2 percent.
• Higher frequencies producing greater activation closer to the windows and lower frequencies producing greater activation at the tip of the basilar membrane.
• Higher frequencies producing greater activation closer to the windows and lower frequencies producing greater activation at the tip of the basilar membrane.
• The organization of the auditory system is largely tonotopic.
• These are receptive organs of the vestibular system.

  Semicircular Canals
• This carries information about the direction and intensity of head movements, which helps us maintain our balance.

  Vestibular System
• From the Ear to the Primary Auditory Cortex

  cochlear nuclei, superior olives, lateral lemniscus, inferior colliculi, medial geniculate nuclei, primary auditory cortex.
• In primates, the primary auditory cortex, which receives the majority of its input from the medial geniculate nucleus, is located in the temporal lobe, hidden from view within the lateral fissure.
• There are three adjacent areas that compromises the primate primary auditory cortex. These three areas are called the core region.