7.10

• The higher - order process of integrating, recognizing, and interpreting patterns of sensations.

  Perception
• external events

  bottom-up (from lower to higher levels) neural mechanisms

  exogenous attention
• True or False, visual attention can be shifted without shifting the direction of visual focus.

  True
• a shift of visual attention without any corresponding eye movement.

  covert attention
• A change in visual attention that involves a shift in gaze.

  overt attention
• Even when you are focusing so intently on one conversation that you are totally unaware of the content of other conversations going on around you, the mention of your name in one of the other conversations will immediately gain access to your consciousness.

  cocktail-party phenomenon
• The phenomenon in which a person fails to notice changes in their visual environment.

  change blindness
• Why does change blindness occur?

  When we view a scene, we have absolutely no memory for parts of the scene that are not the focus of our attention.
• True and False, change blindness phenomenon occurs without the brief intervals between images.

  False, without the intervals, no memory is required and the changes are perceived immediately.
• Selective attention works by strengthening the neural responses to attended-to stimuli and by weakening the responses to others. This dual mechanism has been termed a push-pull mechanism.
• the shift in attention from one perceptual object to another.

  attentional gaze
• a difficulty in attending visually to more than one object at a time.

  Visual-Simultanagnosia
• Because the dorsal stream (which includes the posterior parietal association cortex) is responsible for visually localizing objects in space, a visual simultanagnosia patient problem was associated with this area.
• Simultanagnosia is usually associated with bilateral damage to the posterior parietal cortex.