Human Genome

Cards (5)

Full Genome  
the genome of an organism is all of the genetic material it contains - for euks, it is the DNA in the nucleus + mito combined
the chromosomes r made up of millions of DNA base pairs
genes, the 20-25k regions of ur DNA that code for proteins only make up about 2% of the total DNA = exons
the large non-coding regions of DNA that removed from mmRNA b4 translation = introns
Satellite DNA 
w in introns, telomeres + centromeres, there r short sequences of DNA that r repeated many times
= satellite DNA
VNTRs 
in a region known as a minisatellite, a sequence of 20-50 base pairs will be repeated from 50 to a several hundreds time
these occur ar more than 1k location in the human genome
= Variable Number Tandem Repeats
STRs 
a microsatellite is a smaller region of just 2-4 bases repeated only 5-15 times
= Short Tandem Repeats
Role of Satellite DNA in DNA Profiling
these satellites always appear in the same positions on the chromosomes, but the no of repeats of each mini/microsatellite varies between individuals, as diff lengths of repeats r inherited from both parents
the more closely related 2 individuals/species r, the more likely to have similar patterns

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