P2

• are a mixture of various components

  dental waxes
• components of Dental Waxes

  1. natural wax
  2. synthetic wax
• natural wax

  mineral- paraffin ceresin

  plant- carnauba

  animal- beeswax
• synthetic wax

  • modified
  • unnatural
• Classification of dental waxes

  1. pattern waxes
  2. processing waxes
• used in fabricating dental restoration

  pattern waxes
• used in various auxillary role in the fabrication of models and impressions in soldering

  processing waxes
• examples of pattern waxes

  1. casting wax
  2. inlay wax
  3. baseplate wax
• used to form the pattern of the metallic framework of removable partial denture

  casting wax
• Used to fabricate pattern for crowns, inlays, and bridges

  inlay wax
• contains different waxes, such as, paraffin, ceresin, carnauba, beeswax (natural waxes)

  inlay wax
• used to build contours of a denture, hold the position of the denture teeth

  baseplate wax
• Types of baseplate wax

  1. Type I wax: soft at room temperature, used in contouring dentures and building veneers
  2. Type II wax: medium wax, used for patterns that will be placed into the mouth in a tropical climate
  3. Type III wax: hardest, used for trial fitting in the mouth in tropical climates
• used in various auxillary role in the fabrication of models and impression in soldering.

  processing wax
• examples of processing wax

  1. boxing wax
  2. beading wax (not included in the module)
  3. utility wax
  4. sticky wax
  5. corrective impression wax
  6. bite registration wax
• soft pliable waxes used primarily in taking and pouring impressions. Supplied as long (40cm) strips, (4-5cm) wide, (0.1cm) thickness.


  boxing wax
• soft wax, used to bead around the edge of a functional impression prior to casting. Peripheral seal

  Beading wax
• sued around the periphery of an impression tray to reduce irritation on the soft tissues or to extend the tray before the impression is taken. non perforated tray.

  utility wax
• used to assemble metallic or resin pieces temporarily. Put things together, temporarily adhesive.

  sticky wax
• sticky wax


  brittle at room temperature, sticky when heated
• corrective impression wax


  used as a wax veneer over an original impression to register the detail of soft tissues in functional state
• bite registration wax


  used for accurate articulation of models of opposing arches.
• Properties of waxes

  1. melting range
  2. flow
  3. thermal expansion
  4. residual streass
• melting range


  since wax is a mixture of different components, the DO NOT melt on a single temperature, and DO NOT have a melting point, rather they have MELTING RANGE.
• Range


  the area of variation between upper and lower limits on a particular scale.
• lower end of the range = few component melt

  highest end of the range= all components of wax will melt
• flow


  highly dependent on temperature and time

  • for pattern wax- flow is generally not desirable at room temperature, since it results in a permanent distortion of the wax pattern
• Thermal expansion


  waxes have the highest coefficient of thermal expansion of any dental materials
• LCTE OF typical pattern wax, 323x10^-6/ oC
• Residual stress


  • is the stress remaining in a wax as a result of manipulation during heating, cooling, bending, carving, or other manipulation
• The release of the residual stress at higher temperatures cause an irreversible deformation that can destroy the fit of the wax pattern.

  • the time between finishing and investing the pattern should be minimized less than 30 minutes, because longer storage times allow time stressed to be released.