Developmental psychology

Subdecks (4)

Cards (42)

  • Individualist culture
    Value independence, each person working towards own goals.
  • Collectivist cultures
    Value cooperation with each person working towards group goals.
  • Ethnographic field work
    Immersion in the dailly lives of a particular community of people for an extended period of time to collect various types of data about that community.
    Attempts to understand human cultures through the community + through analysis and interpretation as an Ethnographer.
  • Participants observation in ethnography
    Observation of the daily life of the community + takes part in daily aspects of life of locals.
  • Informant reviews

    Conducting multiple formal interviews with trusted community members over a period of time.
    Can be quantitative but mostly qualitative.
  • Emic approach
    An insiders perspective in research.
  • Self-recognition
    Child realises other people are seperate from them.
  • Object permanence
    Knowing an object still exists even if its hidden. It requires the ability to form a mental representation (schema) if an object.
  • Conservation
    The ability to understand that quantity remains the same, even if appearance changes.
  • Symbolically thinking
    The ability to make one thing e.g. word/object, stand for something other than itself
  • Animism
    The beleif that non-living objects e.g. toys, have life and feelings like a person.
  • Abstract thinking
    The ability to combine and classify items in a more sophisticated way + have the capacity for higher-order reasoning.
  • Chomsky LAD

    A child's brain contains special language-learning mechanisms at birth.
  • Skinner's nativist theory
    Children imitate adults, correct utterances are reinforced when they get what they want/ praised.
  • UNCRC
    United nations convention on the rights of the child - human rights treaty setting out rights of children.
  • Longitudinal study

    Researcher don't manipulate and variables or interfere with the environment - they observe the same group of subjects over a period of time.
  • Cross-sectional studies
    A type of observational study that involves analysing information about a population at a specific point in time.
  • 1 tailed hypothesis 

    An alternative hypothesis that states a direction the study may go in e.g. students with higher attendance will have significantly higher grades than students with low attendance.
  • 2 tailed hypothesis

    Is non-directional but will still predict an effect e.g. there will be a significant difference in grades of students with high attendance and students with low attendance.
  • Volunteer sampling

    A sampling technique where participants self-select to become a pattern of a study.
  • Stratified sampling

    Researcher divides the target group into sections, each representing a key characteristic that should be present in the final sample.
  • Opportunity sampling

    A researcher selects participants based on their availability.