pe

• aerobic work


  working at a moderate intensity so the body has time to utilise oxygen for energy production allowing the body to work for a continuous period
• anaerobic work


  working at a high intensity without oxygen for energy production therefore limited energy so work will be short
• lactic acid


  a by-product of anaerobic energy producion
• lactate accumulation


  when lactate levels in the blood/muscle rise due to increased work intensity
• oxygen debt


  occurs after sustained anaerobic exercise where the body needs to be repaid the oxygen needed from exercising
• cardiovascular


  to do with the heart, blood and blood vessels
• clotting


  when cut the platelets in the blood heal the wound by turning blood from a liquid to a gel to help stop blood loss
• thermoregulation


  a process that allows your body to maintain its core internal temperature of 37
• aorta


  the body's largest artery. carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body's tissues
• artery


  A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
• atria


  the two upper chambers of the heart where blood enters
• bicuspid valve


  valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
• deoxygenated blood


  blood containing a low concentration of oxygen
• pulmonary


  relates to the lungs
• pulmonary artery


  carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
• pulmonary vein


  carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
• oxygenated blood


  Blood containing a high concentration of oxygen.
• semi-lunar valves


  one way gates at the entrance of the aorta and pulmonary artery
• septum


  dividing wall of the heart that divides the left and right sides
• tricuspid valve


  a one way gate that separates the right atrium from the right ventricle
• vena cava


  large vein entering the right atrium that carries deoxygenated blood back from the body
• vein


  A blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart.
• ventricles


  the two lower chambers of the heart
• blood pressure


  the measurement of force against the artery walls
• gaseous exchange


  movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood/muscles and blood/alveoli
• diastole


  the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and allows the chambers to fill with blood
• systole


  the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood from the chambers into the arteries.
• capillaries


  blood vessels that wrap around muscles and organs so that gaseous exchange can take place
• lumen


  the internal diameter of a blood vessel
• haemoglobin


  a red protein in the blood that transports oxygen
• plasma


  the liquid element of blood that allows it to flow
• platelets


  these clot the blood at the the site of a wound
• red blood cells


  they contain haemoglobin which carries oxygen
• white blood cells


  they fight disease and infection
• anemia


  a condition where there is a lack if iron and thus red blood cells or haemoglobin in the blood
• alveoli


  tiny sacs on the end of bronchioles within the lungs that allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to move between the blood and the lungs
• bronchi


  tubes along which air passes from the trachea into the lungs
• bronchioles


  smallest branches of the bronchi
• diaphragm


  the main muscle used in the process off inspiration. it separates the chest from the body cavity
• expiration


  breathing out