ATLAS MOCK EXAM

• Medium to large sections of the city conceived of a having two-dimensional extent which the observer mentally enters "inside" and which are recognizable as having some common identity character. - DISTRICTS
• Channels along which the observer customarily occasionally or potentially moves. - PATH
• GROWTH OF MANILA The illustrado territory; the enclave of the rich and powerful. - QUIAPO
• Designed by Andres Duany and Elizabeth PlaterZyberk. Walton County, Florida 1981. Fosters a strong sense of community with a variety of dwelling units built close to each other, complete neighborhood amenities, open spaces, terminating vistas, etc. Built by the sea, the plan was designed to optimize waterfront access and views for all the town's residents, not just those with beachfront homesites. - SEASIDE
• Imaginary lines that join points of equal elevation on the surface of the land above or below a reference surface such as the mean sea level. - CONTOUR LINE
• Natural Science that studies the earth; its composition, processes that shaped its surface, and its history. - GEOLOGY
• Frank Lloyd Wright's project proposal that would allot one acre of land to each American family - BROADACRES CITY
• Attributed to the research work of the geographer EW. Burgess and his students at the University of Chicago in the early 1900's. It is derived from a central business district at the center, around which all other uses formed. It includes transition zone for eventual CBD expansion, where factories, slums, or ethnic villagers existed. - CONCENTRIC ZONE THEORY
• Developed by the sociologist James Vance under the observation that cities tended to identify with each of the three previous conceptualizations, rather than one exclusively. This model presents the emergence of large self sufficient suburban sectors, each focused on a downtown independent of the central city. This conceptualization represents the culmination of the impact of the automobile on urban form. The best application of this concept is Metropolitan Los Angeles, U.SA. - URBAN REALMS
• Developed by the geographer Chauncy Harris & Edward Pullman. Provides an alternative conceptualization of urban form, one based on the premise that uses do not evolve around a single core but at several nodes or focal points. Recognizes that different activities have varying accessibility requirements. (i.e. a commercial area could develop around a government complex, a cultural center, or at major transportation intersections.) - MULTIPLE NUCLEI MODEL
• Developments that take the form of traditional neighborhoods, while still accommodating the automobile and other modern amenities. These are finely integrated, walkable communities with a strong local identity and with convivial public places. - TOD (TRANSIT-ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT)
• Mid-sized developments built with the intention of self-sustainability. Used in areas that are being intensively developed for the first time. With mixed uses often the primary land use, it is sometimes referred to as cluster zoning. Ordinary zoning regulations can be suspended for this particular property. - PUD (PLANNED UNIT DEVELOPMENT)
• An unrealized urban plan by Le Corbusier, also often called “The City of Towers". - LA VILLE REDIEUSE
• Proposed by Spanish planner Arturo Soria y Mata - An elongated urban formation designed along a fast mass transit system. - LINEAR CITY
• The physical expansion of a town, city, or metropolitan area is a result of a continually increasing number of new developments in the outlying areas. This reslts in a waste of energy, resources, time, and money, and blight in the central city. Fragments the region and creates a series of unrelated developments that consequently creates a weak urban fabric. Also creates unpleasant environments at the street level. Initiated by the automobile, greedy developers, and the “America Dream.” - SPRAWL
• Mid-sized developments built with intentions of self-sustainability; mixed use; sometimes referred to as cluster zoning. - PUD (PLANNED UNIT DEVELOPMENT)
• Mixed use community with an average distance of 670m from transit stop and commercial core areas. - TOD (TRANSIT-ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT)
• Finely integrated, walkable communities with strong local identity and convivial public places; illustrated in New Urbanism. - TRADITIONAL NEIGHBORHOOD DEVELOPMENTS
• Their goal is to generate public awareness on the ills of sprawl and bring back traditional city form. - THE CONGRESS OF NEW URBANISM
• New Urbanism Rules: Dwellings are within a 5 min. walk of the center, or an average of __ meters. - 600-700
• By E.W. Burgess; derived from a CBD around which all other uses are formed. - CONCENTRIC ZONE THEORY
• By Homer Hoyt; other uses grow with the CBD; most cities grow in the direction of higher income. - SECTOR MODEL
• The Science of Human Settlements - EKISTICS
• Ekistics & Ecumenopolis - DOXIADIS
• He was the Landscape architect for the World Columbian Construction which was located at Jackson Park, Chicago - FREDERICK LAW OLMSTEAD
• A 20th century problem emanating from rapid urbanization of areas surrounding a city which eats up the remaining adjacent rural open spaces - URBAN SPRAWL
• Variety of sense experiences that users can enjoy. - RICHNESS
• Vocabulary of visual cues must be found to communicate levels of choice. - VISUAL APPROPRIATENESS
• Implies places with varied forms, uses, and meanings. - VARIETY
• Allows people a choice of access through it, from a place to place - PERMEABILITY
• Traffic and transit routes are designed to carry lower volumes of traffic than arterial roads and providing continuous access across neighborhoods. - COLLECTOR ROADS
• Frequently used in smaller-sized urban developments such as residential villages, tourist zones, planned unit developments, historical districts, etc. The basic objective of these is to ensure a relatively uniform urban character in such localities, even if sections are designed separately by different architects and planners. These are also formulated for safety and security, to prevent overly contrasting structures adjacent to one another, to establish open spaces, to retain a certain feel or atmosphere associated with the area and so on. - URBAN DESIGN GUIDELINES
• Relax certain restrictions if builders and developers provide desirable public features and amenities such as plazas, arcades, and other open spaces - INCENTIVE ZONING
• The proportions between the built area of the building and the lot area. Also referred to as "Plot Ratio." It is used to limit heights and bulks, create setbacks and open spaces, and ultimately to generate a relatively uniform urban fabric. - FLOOR AREA RATIO
• Conservation, urban renewal, adaptive re-use, and rehabilitation. - URBAN REDEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
• Invasion, block boosting, centralization, and gentrification. - URBAN ECOLOGICAL PROCESSES
• A term used interchangeably with preservation but having the rather more positive connotation of parts of the building (or the countryside) while retaining the essential spirit of the original - CONSERVATION
• A general term to describe the idea of consciously renewing the outworn areas of town and cities. Covers most aspects of renewal, including both re-development and rehabilitation. Process of cleaning slum areas which are economically and physically beyond repair, rehabilitation areas where houses and neighborhood facilities can be restored to come up to health, safety, and good living standards, and protective measures in order to prevent enrichment of undesirable influences. - URBAN RENEWAL
• Conversion of buildings into different uses without significantly altering the structure. Commonly performed in old warehouse districts, converting these structures to residential uses. - REHABILITATION
• A term used to describe the idea of repairing, redecorating, and in some cases converting, existing structurally sound property to a standard compatible with modern requirements of amenity and health. The term is frequently interchanged with renovation - ADAPTIVE REUSE