London + Boscombe + Shoreditch case study (urban regen ect)

• define urban regeneration


  revival of old parts of a built up area by either installing modern facilities in Old buildings (known as renewal) OR opting for redevelopment (e.g demolishing buildings and starting afresh )
• define gentrification


  process of renovating slash improving a house or District so that it can forms to middle-class taste
• define regentrification


  tempting to reverse urban decline by improving the physical structure and economy of an area for example Stratford improving itself the 2012 Olympics
• what impact is international migration had on the growth of London

  international migration has increased the growth of London for example there has been a sharp increase in population sometimes as people come with family members meaning more people come

  this is made London super diverse
• what impact has international migration had on the character of London

  influenced fashion, food, lessons in London for example the rag trade and western African wax fabric trade have led to different types of Fashion
• what impact has national migration had on the growth of London


  sensei Industrial Revolution people have come to work in London as it has better job opportunities. this has increased the population since 1801
• what impact has national migration had on the character of London

  hipsters and hipsterification from young and fluent middle classes has bought vintage fashion to London.
• what are the challenges of international and national migration in London

  -unemployment and crime rates are very high

  - lots of air pollution due to more cars and more people

  -housing ownership difficulties

  -local services suffering

  -living condition and environment gotten worse

  -lufe expectancy low in some areas

  -greena nd brown field sites used for housing
• what are the challenges of living in London

  very busy, high unemployment rate, high cost of living and house prices, high crime rate, high air pollution, some parts of very expensive
• what is the importance of the location of London for the UK

  Roman settlement from 43 ad so it grew importance. has rode and railway with good communications linking to all over the city and beyond
• what is the importance of the location of London on the world

  good time zone for trading / trade. Heathrow is one of the largest airports in the world with flights all over the world
• what is the importance of the location of London on the UK and world

  lowest bridging point so was used for trade. good for manufacturing (from 16th century). some of the best you needs in the World. Heritage and cultural attractions for tourists and residents
• what opportunities have been created due to urban change

  culture and employment (Shoreditch and Brixton), transport, urban Greening
• state whybculture and employment was successful / not successful

  successful:

  - made London super diverse

  developed growth and character of London

  -many higher paid jobs e.g silicone round about boosted the economy

  
  

  not successful:

  -people that were in thr area had to move out as the prices went up due to gentrification md hisperification
• state how transport (TFL) was successful/ not successful

  successful:-links with all over UK (intergrated transport system)- very accessible

  not sucesful:-air pollutionmany delays-costs alot of money e.g Elizabeth line costed around 2 billion pounds-lots of time to built the parts of the system
• state how Urban Greening is sucesful/ not sucesful

  succesful:-counter acts heat island effect-increases green space which is good for wellbeing

  not successful :-high costs to implementnot possible everywherehasn't tackled heat island effect fully as10,000 people die every year from pollution
• what are the opportunities of living in London

  lots of housing, high literacy rates, free healthcare, eco-friendly, many jobs, very good transport, high levels of entertainment
• what rates of urbanization do low income countries have

  high rate
• why did Boscombe need urban regeneration

  1. post money increases and the 1960s technological advances e.g air travel meant that as there was an increase in air travel there was a decline in domestic tourism in Boscombe so hotels closed and people won't making money leading to the decline of Boscombe

  
  

  2. 1990s treatment centres and substance misuse centres opened in redundant guest houses as well as houses for multiple occupancy. this led to High unemployment rate, mental health, drug issues which all led to antisocial behavior leading to the decline of Boscombe
• where is Boscombe located

  coastal town in the Southeast of England which is a Suburb of Bournemouth
• what is social deprivation

  the reduction or prevention of interactions between an individual and the rest of society
• what were the issues of Boscombe before it was regenerated

  most deprived in southwest, densely populated, absent landlords meaning it's hard to fix the issues, 10 year lower life expectancy in Boscombe the Neighboring Bournemouth
• why did the surf reef program work

  increase in tourism, sense of community, improved atmosphere, increase in income slash tax, new flats, new jobs, went from 330 out of 32,844 to 4,500 88 out of 32,44 on IMD
• why did the surf program not work

  clothes 2 years later as one of the bags broke, Council over 15,000 by ASR, lost 15,000 pounds, didn't deliver what it was supposed to but helped everything else
• what was the point of the surf reef program

  to have more marine life, panoramic restaurant to increase Recreation, refurbish the Peer, offshore reef to involve local Communities and encourage landlords to repaint homes to make Boscombe regenerated
• what did the town fund deal try to do

  create new homes, new Public spaces and leisure areas, new retail space, improved transport links, improve entertainment and employment opportunities
• what was Boscombe before it declined


  originally a wealthy arn known for culture and arts and was a popular seaside holiday in the 19th century
• why should we build on Brownfield sites

  they are available since the industry decline, new development can improve the area, reduces the need for urban sprawl, public transport is better in urban areas
• why shouldn't we built on Brownfield sites

  old buildings may need to be demolished first, ground may need to be decontaminated, land is more expensive in urban areas
• why should we build on green filled sites

  Landis cheaper and rural areas common no demolition or contamination is needed
• why shouldn't we build on Greenfield sites

  public transport is in rural areas for more need for cars, increases urban sprawl, valuable Farmland or land for Recreation may be lost, natural habitats may be destroyed, once land is built on its unlikely to be turned back
• what are Brownfield sites

  plants that has been used, abandoned and now awaits some use commonly found in urban areas particularly in the inner city due to decline and manufacturing industry
• what are Greenfield sites

  a plot of land often Farmland or on the Rural urban fringe that has not yet been subject to any building development
• what is Urban sprawl

  the uncontrolled growth of towns and cities encroaching on rural surroundings
• what are green belts

  areas of undeveloped natural land that are established on the outside of cities to help prevent Urban sprawl