Cognitive interview

• Who proposed the cognitive interview?

  Fisher and Geiselman
• What are the four techniques to the cognitive interview?

  Report everything, reinstate the context, reverse the order, change perspective
• Report everything

  Encouraged to include every detail, regardless if it may seem irrelevant
• Why are witnesses encouraged to include every detail of an event, regardless how irrelevant they may seem?

  May be important and trigger other memories
• Reinstate the context

  Should return to the original crime scene 'in their mind' and imagine the environment and their emotions (related to context-dependent forgetting)
• Reverse the order

  Recalling events in a different order
• Why are witnesses asked to recall events in a different order?

  Prevent people reporting their expectations of how the event happened and prevents dishonesty
• Change perspective

  Recalling events from other people's perspectives
• Why are witnesses asked to recall events from a different perspective?

  Prevent effects of schema and expectations on recall
• Who proposed the enhanced cognitive interview?

  Fisher et al.
• What was the focus of the enhanced cognitive interview?

  Social dynamics of the interaction
• What does the enhanced cognitive interview include ideas such as?

  Knowing when to establish eye contact, reducing eyewitness anxiety, minimising distractions, open-ended questions