CRISPR-Cas 9: a technology used to cut DNA at a particular base so it can then be attached to a guide RNA that targets a specific complementary nucleotide sequence to which it will be added
Genes can be spliced and inserted with pinpoint accuracy
Future directions: Multiplex Genome Editing
Enables simultaneous editing of multiple genomic loci within the same cell.
Benefit: facilitates the development of therapeutic strategies targeting multiple genes involved in disease pathways
Future Directions: Epigenome editing
enables targeted modification of epigenetic marks, such as histone modifications
Benefit: epigenome editing could provide insights into gene regulation mechanisms and offer new therapeutic avenues for diseases
Future Directions: Base Editing
techniques like base editing aim to precisely modify single nucleotides in the genome without inducing double-strand breaks
Benefit: reduces off-target effects which can cause mutations and impact the organism
Future Directions: Prime Editing
Prime editing combines CRISPR-Cas9 technology with reverse transcriptase to directly rewrite genomic sequences
Benefit: edit sequences of up to around 80 base pairs, making it suitable for larger-scale modifications
