Reproductive Hormones - Puberty & Menstrual Cycle

• Puberty is the period in which adolescents start to develop secondary sexual characteristics. 
• The term 'secondary sexual characteristics' refers to the bodily changes that take place during puberty. 

  Which of the following are secondary sexual characteristics?

  • Increase in height 
  • Deepening voice 
  • More muscle mass 
  • Breast development 
• Which organ is testosterone released from?

  Testes 
• Is oestrogen the main sex hormone in males or females?

  Females 
• Which organ is oestrogen released from?

  Ovaries 
• What is the structure indicated on the diagram above?

  Uterus lining 

  
• What is the structure indicated  on the diagram above?

  Ovaries

  
• What is the structure indicated on the diagram above?

  Fallopian tubes

  
• What is the structure indicated on the diagram above?

  Uterus 

  
• How long does the average menstrual cycle last? 

  28 days 
• The menstrual cycle is a series of steps that prepares the uterus for the implantation of a fertilised egg.

  
  

  If there is no fertilised egg, then the cycle repeats.

  
  

  But if there is a fertilised egg, then the cycle will stop and the egg will implant into the uterus lining, where it can develop into a foetus. 
• What happens in stage one of the menstrual cycle?

  Period of bleeding as the uterus lining breaks down
• What is the name of stage one of the menstrual cycle?

  Menstruation
• What happens in stage two of the menstrual cycle?

  Building up of the uterus lining 
• What happens in stage three of the menstrual cycle?

  Release of the egg from the ovaries 
• What is the name of stage three of the menstrual cycle?

  Ovulation
• What happens in stage four of the menstrual cycle?

  Maintenance of uterus lining 
• What happens after stage four if there is no fertilised egg?

  The cycle starts again
• If a fertilised egg implants into the uterus lining then the menstrual cycle stops and the lining is maintained.

  The lining will have to be maintained to allow the fertilised egg cell to develop. 
• Which hormone stimulates the uterus lining to develop?

  Oestrogen
• Which organ are both luteinising hormone and follicle stimulating hormone released from?

  Pituitary gland
• Which hormone stimulates the egg to be released around day 14 (ovulation)?

  Luteinising hormone (LH)
• Which hormone stimulates the egg follicle to mature?

  Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
• Which hormone maintains the lining of the uterus?

  Progesterone