Reactions

• Alkane to Haloalkane

  Reagent : Bromine Water + UV light

  Observation : Orange/brown to colourless in presence of UV light slowly

  Reaction : Substitution
• Alkene to Haloalkane

  Reagent : Bromine Water

  Observations : Orange/brown to colourless, rapidly

  Reaction : Addition
• Alkene to Alcohol

  Reagent : H2SO4

  Observations : Remains colourless

  Reaction : Addition
• Alkene to Alkane

  Reagent : Hydrogen with Pt, Ni, Pd

  Observations : Remains colourless

  Reaction : Addition
• Alkene to diol

  Reagent : Acidified potassium permanganate (H+/KMnO4)

  Observations : Purple to colourless/pink

  Reaction : Oxidation
• Primary Alcohol to Carboxylic acid

  Reagent : Acidified Potassium dichromate (H+/K2Cr2O7) / Acidified potassium permanganate (H+/KMnO4)

  Observations : Orange to green / Purple to colourless

  Reaction : Redox
• Alcohol to Alkene

  Reagent : Concentrated sulphuric acid and HEAT

  Observations : Remains colourless

  Reaction : Elimination
• Alcohol to Haloalkane

  Reagents : SOCl2 OR PCl3/PCl5 OR Lucas Reagent for Tertiary alcohols

  Observations : Colourless to cloudy and forms oily layer on surface

  Reaction : Substitution
• Carboxylic acid to Sodium salt + CO2 + H2O

  Reagents : Sodium carbonate

  Observations : Rapid fizzing as a gas is evolved. Heat released. Colourless solution results
• Haloalkane to alkene

  Reagents : Alcoholic KOH / Alcoholic NaOH and HEAT
• Haloalkane to alcohol

  Reagents : aqueous KOH / aqueous NaOH and HEAT

  Observations : Colourless liquids
• Alcohol to amine

  Reagents : Alcoholic NH3 or NH3 gas

  Observations : Liquid remains colourless and fishy smell develops