4th quarter science- volcanoes

• Volcano


  a vent, hill, or mountain that erupts, releasing molten rocks, rock fragments, and gaseous materials onto earth's surface
• Main vent


  it is where magma passes through from the magma chamber to reach earth's surface.
• Magma chamber 


  this is a large reservoir that stores molten rock (magma) prior to eruption.
• crater


  it is a bowl-shaped depression produced by volcanic activity and explosion.
• lava flow


  this is the steam of molten rock flowing out of the crater
• secondary vent 


  this is an alternative smaller outlet where magma escapes to reach earth's surface.
• secondary cone 


  this is formed when lava and ashes escape from smaller vents; it is also known as a parasitic cones.
• ash cloud


  it is formed when thick volcanic ashes are discharged into the atmosphere cause by violent explosion or eruption of the volcano.
• ash 


  it is a mixture or rocks, minerals, and glass particles expelled during a volcanic eruption.
• it is famous for its almost perfect cone shape

  mayon volcano
• formed from pyroclastic fragments and volcanic ashes


  cinder cone
• also known as stratovolcanoes, and has acidic and sticky lava, which allows the lava to solidify without travelling very far.


  composite volcanoes
• formed from non acidic basaltic lava flows


  shield
• types of volcano according to shape

  1. active
  2. dormant
  3. extinct
• 5 active volcanoes in the philippines

  1. pinatubo
  2. biliran
  3. mayon
  4. ragang
  5. cagua