Permanent Indian Front Tier

• Throughout the 19th Century US government policy aimed to keep whites and Plains Indians separate
• Indian Removal Act was the beginning of the official separation of Plains Indians and whites


  1830
• The 1830 Indian Removal Act forced 46,000 Plains Indians to move from the east of America to the west
• President Jackson declared the new Indian land would be known as 'Indian Territory', and promised Plains Indians both they and their new land would be protected from existing Indians and white settlers
• US government passed the Indian Trade and Intercourse Act


  1834
• Indian Trade and Intercourse Act


  1. Established a 'permanent' Indian Frontier

  2. Further consolidated the divide between Plains Indians and whites

  3. Stated that Indian Territory was all land west of the Mississippi River, though did not include Louisiana or Arkansas

  4. Banned white settlers from settling on Indian Territory

  5. Prohibited white settlers from selling guns or alcohol to American Indians
• The frontier was protected by the US Army, who set up army forts and military roads across the frontier