Moral Development Theory (Lawrence Kohlberg) & Metacognition

• learner-centered but focused on morality. Moral Development Theory
• How many Levels and Stages of Moral Development theory?

  Three levels

  six stages
• What is the first level of moral development according to Lawrence Kohlberg's theory? Preconventional Level
• The second level of moral development, according to Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory, is called what? Conventional Level
• The third level of moral development, according to Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory, is called what? Postconventional Level
• In the preconventional stage, people are motivated by what? Punishment or reward.
• In the postconventional stage, people are motivated by what? Principles and values that transcend social conventions.
• In the conventional stage, people are motivated by what? Social norms and expectations.
• Which stage of moral development does an individual reach when they are able to understand that rules exist because society has agreed upon them as necessary for social harmony? Stage 3
• According to Lawrence Kohlberg, which of these stages represents the highest level of moral reasoning? Postconventional Stage
• Which stage of moral development does an individual reach when they can see the value of laws and rules even if they do not agree with them personally? Stage 4
• Level 1 - Pre-conventional

  Stage 1: Punishment/Obedience

  Stage 2: Instrumental Relativist Orientation or also known as Mutual Benefit
• In what stage does the child afraid to steal because of punishment?

  1
• In what stage does a child do things because there is an exchange favors?

  2
• Level 2 - Conventional

  Stage 3: Good boy, Nice Girl or also known as social approval

  Stage 4: Law and Order
• people at this level conform to the conventions / rules of a society

  conventional
• maglimpyo ko kay para ingnan ko ni mama na buoton ko

  good boy, nice girl
• dapat mu follow ko sa rules

  law and order
• In what levels that they the moral principle are being understood?

  post-conventional
• Level 3 - Post-conventional

  Stage 5: Social Contract

  Stage 6: Universal Ethical Principles (UEP)
• examples kay kanang mag protest

  Social contract
• Dire kay naa nay conscience ug naa na sila ilahang prinsipyo.

  Universal Ethical Principle
• It is an ambiguous situation that requires a person to make a moral decision. Moral Dilemma
• Example ni Kohlberg sa moral dilemme is what?

  Heinz Dilemma
• He proposed metacognition (John Flavell)
• Three categories of Metacognitive Knowledge

  Person variables

  Task Variables

  Strategy variables
• refers to knowledge about how human beings learn and process information, as well as individual knowledge of one's own learning process; thinking process, learning styles, study habit. person variables
• knowledge about the nature of the task; level of task, 5W's and 2 H's

  task variables
• involve awareness of the strategy you are using to learn a topic and evaluating whether this strategy is effective. eg. in order for you to learn kay always nimu gina repeat and context, maminaw ka music para maka learn etc. Strategy variables
• the awareness of specific strategies so that you can keep your attention focused on the topic or task - meta-attention
• your awareness of memory strategies that work best for you. eg. para maka memorize ko kay ginabalik naku basa ang mga word para ma retain siya - meta-memory