analysis, comparison, evaluation and verification

• this is a structured approach to fingerprint identification, which can be useful in minimising the effects of bias in four steps
• the analysis phase involves examining the latent print checking for overall pattern and size with smaller features being examined under magnification. possible sources of distortion and their effect on clarity is also assessed
• The comparison phase focuses on the inked print and analyses all levels of details in comparison to the latent print
• The evaluation phase compares both prints in which they are examined, side-by-side, finding features that are unknown, and then known in the print
• verification phase is where all positive identification is a verified by second qualify expert who may repeat the whole process, preferably blind
• usefulness


  a structured approach which all forensic experts can follow

  improves objectivity and reliability

  allows for cross checking which improves accuracy
• effectiveness


  scientific approach

  blind verification process to avoid bias or error

  peer reviewed which improves internal validity
• practicalities


  consistent

  reduces cognitive bias so less likely to misidentify